水性聚氨酯改性高吸水剂的制备与性能  

Preparation and performance of super absorbent polymers blending modification with waterborne polyurethane

作　　者：周爱军[1] 张泽[1] 陈颖[1] 曾水娟[1] 胡静璇[1] 胡建芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学材料科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《武汉工程大学学报》2013年第7期54-59,共6页Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50773059);湖北省科技攻关项目(2002AA07B02);武汉工程大学2013年度校长基金项目

摘　　要：为得到一种力学性能优良的高吸水树脂,以黄原胶(XG)、丙烯酰胺(AM)与丙烯酸(AA)为原料,采用微波聚合接枝共聚方法,制备超强吸水剂溶液XG(SAP),并将其与水性聚氨酯(WPU)溶液共混改性.研究了黄原胶用量,丙烯酰胺与丙烯酸单体配比对于吸水剂吸水倍率的影响,探讨了异氰酸酯基团与羟基的比值(R值)和水性聚氨酯质量分数对高吸水剂的力学性能以及吸水性能的影响.采用红外光谱仪(FT-IR)对合成的高吸水剂以及改性后的高吸水剂的结构进行了表征,利用扫描电镜(SEM),对改性后的高吸水剂的形貌进行表征.结果表明:当丙烯酸与丙烯酰胺的质量比为5∶1,XG占单体总量的比例为3%时,吸水剂的吸水效果最佳;复合胶膜中生成大量氢键,且两相相容性良好;随着R值的增大,XG复合胶膜的拉伸强度增大,断裂伸长率减小;WPU质量分数减小,XG复合胶膜的拉伸强度增大,断裂伸长率减小;XG复合胶膜的最大断裂伸长率可达28.2%,拉伸强度最大可达到9.82MPa.吸水测试表明,其最大吸水倍率可达1340%.Super absorbent polymers（SAP） were prepared using Xanthan Gum（XG）,acrylamide（AM） and acrylic acid（AA）as raw materials by microwave graft copolymerization,then it was blended with the waterborne polyurethane（WPU） to improve mechanical performance.The effect of dosage of XG,mass ratio of monomer acrylamide and acrylic acid（mAA/mAM） on the water absorbency of SAP was studied.The effect of —NCO/—OH value（R value） and WPU content on the mechanical properties and water absorbency of SAP was explored.The structure of SAP was investigated by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR） and the morphology of SAP was characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.The results reveal that the swelling ratio of SAP comes to the maximum when mass ratio of monomer is 5∶1,dosage of XG is 3% of total monomers;the composite films exhibit excellent miscibility with a large number of hydrogen bond generated;the tensile strength of composite films enhances but their elongation reduces when the R value increases,the WPU content decreases;the maximum of tensile strength reaches 9.82 MPa and the maximum of elongation attains 28.2% respectively.The maximum water absorbency can achieve 1 340% in water absorption test.

关 键 词：黄原胶 超强吸水剂 丙烯酸 水性聚氨酯 共混改性 

分 类 号：TQ321.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]