塔河油田4区岩溶缝洞型储层及其控制因素  

Formation and Controlling Factors of Karst Fracture-cave Reservoir in the 4th Block of Tahe Oilfield

作　　者：廖明光[1] 裴钰[1,2] 陈培元[1] 刘学利[3] 何嘉 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学资源与环境学院,四川成都610500 [2]中国石油川庆钻探工程有限公司地质勘探开发研究院,四川成都610052 [3]中国石化西北油田分公司研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期1-8,共8页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition)

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(2011ZX05049-04)

摘　　要：塔河油田4区下奥陶统碳酸盐岩储层以溶洞、溶孔和裂缝为主,溶洞是最有效的储集体,裂缝次之。基质孔渗性极差,难以构成有效的储集空间。受海西早期构造运动的影响,研究区发育北北东、北北西以及北东向3个方向的裂缝。综合岩芯岩溶特征描述、电子探针元素分析以及同位素分析等方面的研究,发现研究区发育4期岩溶作用,其中加里东中晚期与海西早期的岩溶作用对研究区溶洞的形成起到了重要的控制作用岩溶地貌控制了缝洞型储集体的分布,处在不同岩溶相带的古水系对缝洞体形态产生影响,断裂及其伴生裂缝增加了地表水及地下水与碳酸盐岩的接触面积和溶蚀范围,使得研究区内放空漏失井90%集中在断裂带附近,断裂带是裂缝与岩溶发育的密集带。Cave, solution pore and fracture are the primary reservoir spaces in Lower Ordovician, the 4th block ofTahe Oilfield. Cave is the most effective reservoir, while fracture takes the second place. It is difficult to form effective reservoir for matrix, owing to its poor porosity and permeability. Effected by the tectonic movement of early hercynian, the fracture was mainly distributed in the direction of NNE, NNW and NE. Integrated with description of the karst feature of core, electronic probe element analysis and isotope analysis, we found that there are four periods of karstification in this area, of which the periods of Middle-Late Caledonian and early hercynian played an important role in controlling the formation of the karst cave. Karst controlled the distribution of fracture-cave reservoir, and the ancestral water system located in different karst areas had impact on the shape of cave-fracture body. Fracture and its accompanying crack not only increased the contact area but also improved the solution range of the surface and ground water with the carbonate reservoir, which caused 90% wells with drilling empty and mud loss distributed near the fault zone, where karst developed very well.

关 键 词：储层类型 控制因素 古岩溶 下奥陶统 塔河油田 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]