语用预设与句法构式研究——以汉语不及物动词带宾语为例  

Pragmatic Presupposition and the Study of Syntactic Construction — Take the Chinese intransitive verbs + objects as examples

作　　者：魏在江[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学,西安710061

出　　处：《外语学刊》2013年第4期63-67,共5页Foreign Language Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"语用预设的认知语用研究"(08BYY074);陕西省社科基金项目"概念转喻的认知研究及其对英语教学的启示"(12K145) 的阶段性成果

摘　　要：汉语不及物动词带宾语现象是汉语语法研究的重要课题之一,学者们从不同角度出发进行了很多有益研究。研究发现: ( 1) 构式整体的隐性预设意义导致此类结构的产生与高度固化; ( 2) 动词本身的预设意义和处所宾语的语义高度关联; ( 3) 处所名词宾语的受事预设意义与角色突显度转换。语用预设是此类句法结构得以产生的机制之一,是一种具有普遍性的重要语言认知机理。句法的搭配关系实际上就是一种预设关系,预设机制为这种搭配提供条件和可能。语用预设是此类结构产生的根本动因。It＇s one of the most important topics in Chinese that the intransitive verbs can take the objects, which has attracted a lot of scholars＇ attentions. This paper, based upon the previous studies, has studied this phenomenon from the cognitive perspective. The major findings are as follows ： （ 1 ） The implicit meanings of the constructions lead to the productions and fossilizations of such structures; （2） The meanings of verbs themselves are closely related to the place objects; （3） The meanings of the place objects themselves lead to the transfer of the prominences of the place roles. Therefore, the conclusion is that presupposition is one of the basic cognitive mechanisms of human beings. Actually, the collocations of the sentential elements are the presupposi- tion relationship between them. It is presupposition that provides the conditions and possibilities for such sentence structures, which is the main motivation of such structures.

关 键 词：语用预设 句法构式 理据 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]