极低频电磁场暴露对果蝇生殖和寿命影响的研究  

Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field(ELF-EMF) exposure on reproduction and lifespan in Drosophila

作　　者：李思思[1] 张紫燕[1] 杨传俊[1] 蔡澎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所城市环境与健康重点实验室,福建厦门36102

出　　处：《军事医学》2013年第7期494-497,共4页Military Medical Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院装备研制资助项目(YZ201104);厦门市科技资助项目(3502Z20100063)

摘　　要：目的探讨极低频电磁场(extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields,ELF-EMF)不同暴露时间对雌、雄果蝇生殖、寿命、氧化应激水平的影响。方法未交配雌、雄果蝇于50 Hz、3 mT ELF-EMF全天连续暴露1、2、3 d,测定其寿命、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、子代数量、子代雌雄比。结果暴露2、3 d雌蝇及暴露3 d雄蝇,其子代F1数量、雌雄比均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),雄性子代数量较多。暴露雌、雄果蝇体内SOD活性升高但无显著性差异(P>0.05),MDA水平随着暴露时间增加梯度递增,其中雌蝇暴露2、3 d后MDA水平极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),雄蝇暴露2、3 d后MDA含量与对照组相比均显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。暴露处理后40 d内,雄蝇死亡率随着暴露时间增加;而雌蝇生存曲线变化与对照组基本一致。暴露后雌、雄果蝇平均寿命与半数死亡期与暴露时间呈负相关。结论经50 Hz、3 mT ELF-EMF暴露可降低果蝇生殖能力和寿命,影响子代性别决定,诱导果蝇产生氧化应激反应。Objective To study the effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field （ELF-EMF） exposure（50 Hz and 3 mT） on reproduction, lifespan and oxide stress in Drosophila at different continuous exposure doses （ 1 d, 2 d and 3 d）. Methods Exposed males and females were separately mated with normal heterosexual Drosophila in reproduction ex- periments. The F~ pupae number, female-male ratio, lifespan, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde （MDA） of exposed males and females were tested after exposure for 1 d, 2 d and 3 d. Results The F~ pupae number and the fe- male-male ratio of 3 d exposed males and females exposed for 2 d and 3 d showed a significant decrease （P 〈0. 05 or P 〈 0.01 ） after exposure, male offspring making up a large proportion of the offspring of exposed Drosophila. The SOD activity of 1 d, 2 d, and 3 d exposed flies was not increased significantly （P 〉 0. 05） and the MDA level was significantly in- creased in 2 d,and 3 d exposed females （P 〈0.01） and 2 d,and 3 d exposed males （P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）. According to the survival curve of exposed males, the death rate of males was increased with exposure time in 40 days and after 40 days. The survival curves of exposed males showed a similar trend to control while those of exposed females were almost con- sistent with control group. The average lifespan and half life of exposed males and females had a negative correlation with exposure time. Conclusion ELF-EMF exposure can weaken reproduction ability, shorten lifespan of males and females, in- fluence the sex determination of offspring and induce oxide stress in Drosophila.

关 键 词：极低频电磁场 果蝇属 生殖 寿命 氧化性应激 

分 类 号：R82[医药卫生—临床医学]