研究生和本科生防御机制及与大五人格的关系  

Psychological defense mechanisms and its relation with Big Five personality between postgraduates and undergraduates

作　　者：田瑞琪[1] 唐小娟[2] 刘亭亭 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学心理研究与咨询中心,成都610031 [2]华中师范大学心理学院 [3]中国南车成都机车车辆有限公司

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2013年第7期818-820,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的探讨研究生与本科生在防御机制上的差异以及其与大五人格的关系,为开展研究生与本科生心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用防御方式问卷(DSQ)和大五人格量表中文简化版,对整群随机抽取的成都市6所高校230名研究生与417名本科生进行测量。结果本科生成熟防御得分高于研究生(t=-2.160,P<0.05),在不成熟防御和中间型防御得分上本科生和研究生差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。与研究生相比,本科生防御机制与大五人格之间存在更强的相关性。2个群体的神经质均能预测不成熟防御和中间型防御(P值均<0.01)。影响成熟防御最大的人格因素本科生是外倾性,研究生是尽责性。结论本科生的防御机制更易受人格特质的影响。研究生心理健康教育不能照搬本科生的教育模式。Objective To explore difference in defense mechanisms and its relations with Big Five personalities between undergraduates and postgraduates, and to provide data for specific mental health education. Methods A total of 230 postgraduates and 417 undergraduates from 6 universities in Chengdu were administrated by DSQ and NEO-FFI. Results Undergraduates used more mature defense mechanisms, but there were no significant differences in immature and neurotic defenses between undergraduates and postgraduates（ t=-2. 160 ,P〈0.05）. Relations between defense mechanism and Big Five personality were stronger in undergraduates than in postgraduates （ P〈0.01 ）. Neuroticism could strongly predict immature and neurotic defense mechanisms in both groups（ P〈0.01 ）. The most important predictor of mature defense mechanism was extraversion for undergraduates and conscientiousness for postgraduates. Conclusion The defense mechanisms of undergraduates get more influences by personality traits. Mental health education for postgraduate cannot copy the education model for undergraduate.

关 键 词：防御机制 人格 回归分析 精神卫生 学生 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] B844.2[医药卫生—医学心理学]