军事教育与斯巴达的阿高盖制度  

The Military Education and the Agoge System of Sparta

作　　者：祝宏俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学社会发展学院教授,南京210097

出　　处：《世界历史》2013年第4期103-120,161,共18页World History

摘　　要：教育是古代斯巴达文化形象的基础。一般认为,斯巴达教育是国家控制之下的军事化教育。其实,这个观点并没有真实反映古代斯巴达教育史的整体。古风时代,斯巴达教育与希腊世界其他城邦的教育并没有本质的区别;到公元前5世纪中期,由于兵源紧张、战争危险加剧在教育过程中加强了军事化内容;公元前4世纪后期,充当雇佣军成为斯巴达公民重要的谋生手段,军事训练在教育活动中的地位更加突出。但是,我们所了解的国家化的、军事化的教育模式,产生于公元前3世纪后期斯巴达发生的改革运动中。Education is abasis of the ancient Spartan cultural image.It is generally considered that the ancient Spartan education is the military education under the state control.In fact,this viewpoint does not reflect the true educational history of ancient Sparta on the whole.In ancient times,Spartan education was indistinguishable from that of Greek and other states,and was not militarized until the mid fifth century B.C.when soldier sources were in shortage and wars were more likely to break out.In the late fourth century B.C.,it had become an important means of making a living in Sparta to be employed as a soldier,and military drills constituted a significant part in education.The nationalized and militarized education mode known to us,however,came into being in the reforms in the late third century B.C.in Sparta.

关 键 词：斯巴达教育 军事化 

分 类 号：K125[历史地理—历史学]