套袋“红富士”苹果果实表皮结构的发育及其与裂纹的关系  

Development of Epidermal Structure and Its Relationship with Cracks in Bagged‘Red Fuji'Apples

作　　者：孙艳[1] 张媛[1] 李中勇[1] 徐继忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《北方园艺》2013年第15期5-10,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(C2009000553)

摘　　要：以16a生"红富士"苹果果实为试材,研究了套袋和不套袋果实果皮解剖结构的差异及套袋果实发育过程中裂纹的发生情况及果皮解剖结构与裂纹的关系。结果表明:不套袋果实角质层厚度大于同时期套袋果实,表皮细胞小于同时期套袋果实且差异显著;套袋和不套袋果实裂纹率均随时间延长呈上升趋势,套袋果实裂纹出现时间早于不套袋果实,且前者裂纹率一直高于后者;随着果实发育套袋果实梗洼部、胴部和萼洼部角质层厚度均逐渐增加,表皮细胞均逐渐增大;与未裂纹果实相比,裂纹果实角质层有较多"V"型凹陷,凹凸不平,不均一,且深入表皮细胞下方,表皮细胞形状不规则,大小不一,排列疏松,细胞之间有较大空隙,空隙被角质层填满。Taking 16-year-old ＇Red Fuji＇ apples as materials, the difference of peel anatomical structure between bagged and unbagged apple fruits were studied, the cracking occurrence during the development of bagged and unbagged fruits and the relationship between anatomical structure of apple pericarp and cracks were conducted. The results showed that thickness of cuticle cracking layer in bagged fruits was higher than that in unbagged fruits at the same period, and epidermal cell size showed a significant difference between bagged and unbagged fruits with the epidermal cell size in the former bigger than that in the latter at the same period. The cracking percentage in bagged and unbagged fruits both showed increasing tendency. Cracks appeared earlier, and the cracking percentage was higher in bagged fruits than that in unbagged ones. The cuticle layer thickened and epidermal cells increased gradually in stem cavity,cheeks,and calyx-end with fruit development. There were more V-type pittings in cuticle layer, and the cuticle layer was more uneven; the epidermal cells shaped more irregular and arranged more loosely in the cracking fruits than in nocracking ones.

关 键 词：套袋 角质层 表皮细胞 裂纹 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]