腰椎穿刺术在小型猪的应用  

Application of lumbar puncture in minipig

作　　者：王振民[1] 钟红亮[2] 杨智君[1] 赵赋[3] 王博[1] 渠沛然[1] 刘丕楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经外科,北京100050 [2]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院神经介入科,北京100020 [3]北京市神经外科研究所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国现代医学杂志》2013年第20期12-17,共6页China Journal of Modern Medicine

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(No:7112049);北京市卫生系统高层次卫生技术人才(2011-3-027);国家科技支撑计划(No:2012BAI12B03)

摘　　要：目的探索小型猪腰椎穿刺技术的可行性和注意事项,测定脑脊液的生理指标。方法 10只小型猪全身麻醉后行腰椎穿刺术,测量颅内压力并留取标本。术毕麻醉维持4 h,术后1周每天观察动物并记录动物的行为学(包括摄食能力、活动能力、步态),神经损害体征,穿刺局部情况,采用改良Tarlov评分标准评价其神经功能,改良的切口愈合等级评分标准评价其穿刺局部情况。结果穿刺术后动物行为学均于当天恢复正常。小型猪颅内压均值为(130.73±38.299)mmH2O,其脑脊液外观清亮,细胞总数、白细胞、蛋白、氯化物、糖的平均水平分别为(2.73±2.314)/μL、(1.00±1.363)/μL、(27.87±9.257)mg/dL、(120.47±4.998)mmol/L、(2.60±0.629)mmol/L。观察期间,小型猪穿刺点局部愈合良好,无腰穿相关并发症。结论小型猪腰椎穿刺术操作简便,安全性好,可行性强。脑脊液的生理指标为相关研究提供了参考。【Objective】 To explore the feasibility and precautions of lumbar puncture in minipig,test physiological and biochemical indexes.【Methods】 10 minipigs were included.Under general anesthesia,the pig hair in lateral position and the lumbar puncture was performed after routine disinfection and draping.Anesthesia was maintained four hours after lumbar puncture,the waiting animals to restore spontaneous breathing,extubation,get them returned to the observation room,continued to observe the spontaneous activity to come.In the following week,the ethology（including intake,activity,gait）,nerve injury signs,situation of puncture site were daily observed and recorded.And the improved Tarlov scale and wound healing scale were used to evaluate the neurological impairment and puncture site,respectively.【Results】 All the ten minipigs were finished procedures.The intake,activity,gait were recovery to the normal state in the same day.The average intracranial pressure was（130.73 ± 38.299） mmH2O,and cerebrospinal fluid was limpid,the average value of total cells,WBC,protein,chloride and glucose were（2.73 ± 2.314） μL,（1.00 ± 1.363） μL,（27.87 ± 9.257） mg/dL,（120.47 ± 4.998） mmol/L,（2.60 ± 0.629） mmol/L,respectively.During the observing period,puncture site healing well,no leakage,errhysis,local swelling,fester,discomfort in head and activity limitation found.And no neural impairment was detected in the survival period,either.【Conclusion】 The lumbar puncture in minipig was safe and feasible,and easy to do.And the date of cerebrospinal fluid offered a reference to the relevant study.

关 键 词：小型猪 腰椎穿刺术 并发症 脑脊液 

分 类 号：R65[医药卫生—外科学] R446.14[医药卫生—临床医学]