α-羟基十二酸钠的合成及性能  

Synthesis and Properties of Sodium α-Hydroxyl Dodecanoate

作　　者：黄霄霄[1] 陈文福 方云[1] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学化学与材料工程学院食品胶体与生物技术教育部重点实验室,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《精细化工》2013年第8期880-883,901,共5页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家"十一五"重点科技支撑计划项目(2007BAE52B01);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JUSRP20905);江苏省精细石油化工重点实验室开放基金(KF0903)~~

摘　　要：以α-氯代十二酸(CDA)为原料,通过水热碱性水解反应合成了α-羟基十二酸钠(SHD),用FTIR及1HNMR鉴定了SHD的酸化产物α-羟基十二酸(HDA)的结构。探讨了水热碱性水解反应中反应温度、反应时间和NaOH质量分数的影响,结果表明,当n(NaOH)∶n(CDA)=2.1∶1、w(NaOH)=10%时,在160℃水热反应6 h,SHD的产率达98.7%。测定了SHD的克拉夫特点(KP)、抗硬水性、钙皂分散剂消耗量、泡沫力、表面张力和临界胶束浓度,并与十二酸钠(SD)进行比较。SHD的KP为35℃,比SD的低8℃,因而具有更好的冷水溶解性;SHD在硬水中的稳定性比SD有所提高,且钙皂分散剂消耗量仅为SD的一半,因而具有更好的硬水溶解性;因此,SHD具有用作低温皂和抗硬水皂新原料的潜质。Sodium a-hydroxyl dodecanoate（SHD） was synthesized directly from α-chlorine dodecanoic acid（CDA） through hydrothermal alkaline hydrolysis, and the structure of α-hydroxyl dodecanoic acid （HDA） , the acidified product of SHD, was identified by FFIR and ^1HNMR. The influence of reaction temperatures, reaction time and alkaline concentrations on the yield of SHD was investigated. The experimental results indicate that the yield of SHD was 98.7% when alkaline hydrolysis was run under hydrothermal conditions in w（NaOH） = 10% aqueous NaOH solution and n（NaOH）：n（CDA） =2. 1 ：1 at 160 ℃ for 6 h. Some surfactant properties of SHD, such as Kraft point（ KP）, hard ion resistance, requirement of lime soap dispersant, foaming ability, surface tension and CMC, were determined and compared with those of sodium dodecanoate（SD）. It was shown that the KP of SHD was 35 ℃ and 8 ℃ lower than that of parent SD, which means SHD had better cold water solubility. The hard ion resistance of SHD was somewhat higher than that of SD and the requirement of lime soap dispersant of SHD decreased to one half of that of SD, showing that SHD displayed better solubility in hard water than SD. Therefore, SHD shows the potential to serve as the new soap-base material applied in cold water or hard water.

关 键 词：α-羟基十二酸钠 冷水溶解性 抗硬水性 十二酸钠 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ423.112[化学工程]