麦克风基阵结构的噪声源识别性能研究  

Study on the Noise Source Identification Properties of Microphone Sub-array Structure

作　　者：王雁[1] 仪垂杰[1] 刘志红[1] 吴波波[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学机械工程学院,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《测试技术学报》2013年第4期304-309,共6页Journal of Test and Measurement Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61271387);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2012FZ001)

摘　　要：为更好地应用麦克风阵列识别噪声源位置,本文针对多种不同基阵结构的噪声源识别性能展开研究.基于"延时-累加"波束形成原理建立了平面任意麦克风基阵结构的数学计算模型,并给出了麦克风基阵声源定位的通用计算方程组;分别推导分析了二元、三元及四元基阵的定位算法公式,并对三元基阵给出了其矩阵解.分析比较不同类型的麦克风基阵结构对噪声源的识别性能影响.通过建立由不同形式基阵构成的同等规模小型麦克风阵列,进行噪声源识别对比测试,最终的测试结果验证了本文所提出模型及算法的可靠性,并得出由正三元基阵构成的麦克风阵列结构具有较好的噪声源识别性能的结论.In order to get a better application of noise source identification by using microphone array, this paper studied the noise source identification performances of different microphone sub-arrays. Based on the beamforming principle, we designed a mathematic computational model of planar arbitrary sub-array and pro- posed the general sound source localization calculating equations of this model. Then, we deduced and ana- lyzed the acoustic positioning algorithm formula respectively for two-microphone array, three-microphone ar- ray and four-microphone array. The paper also showed the matrix solution of the three-microphone array. The sound source recognition of different types of microphone sub-structure was comparatively analyzed. Finally, we did a comparable acoustic source localization testing by establishing small microphone arrays which have the same size and were composed of different sub-array forms. The final test results validate the reliability of the proposed model and algorithm. And the study obtains the conclusion that the microphone array structure com- posed of regular triangle sub-array has better performance of noise source identification.

关 键 词：波束形成 基阵结构 噪声源识别 定位算法 小型阵列 

分 类 号：TN912.2[电子电信—通信与信息系统]