普什图尼斯坦问题历史探源  

An Exploration of the Historical Origin of the Pushtonistan Problem

作　　者：于卫青[1] 何志龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2013年第4期133-140,共8页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(20100471598)

摘　　要：普什图尼斯坦问题是英国近代在亚洲殖民侵略的历史遗留问题。英、俄在亚洲的侵略扩张和对阿富汗的争夺是普什图尼斯坦问题产生的外部根源。1893年,英国迫使阿富汗签订杜兰协定,确定了作为英属印度和阿富汗分界的"杜兰线",为普什图尼斯坦问题的产生埋下了隐患。印巴分治后,阿富汗和巴基斯坦对杜兰线东侧普什图人的地位及该地区领土归属问题的争执是普什图尼斯坦问题产生的根本原因。普什图族的部落特性、阿巴两国内部的民族关系和民族政策深刻影响着普什图尼斯坦问题的发展演变。Pushtonistan is a problem Britain left over in its Asian Colonial aggression in modern times. British and Russian aggression and expansion in Asia and contest over Afghanistan offered an external origin for the rise of the Pushtonistan problem. In 1893, Britain forced Afghanistan to sign the Duran Treaty, setting the Duran Line as the dividing line between Britain-subordinate India and Afghanistan, only to lay a hidden trouble for the rise of the Pushtonistan problem. After the separation of India with Pakistan, the dispute between Pakistan and Afghanistan in the status of the Pushtos to the east of the Duran Line and the belonging of the territory in this area was the primary cause for the occurrence of the problem. Therefore, the characteristics of the Pushto tribe, and ethnic relationship and policy with Pakistan and Afghanistan both affect the development and change of the Pushtonistan problem.

关 键 词：英国 阿富汗 巴基斯坦 杜兰线 普什图尼斯坦 

分 类 号：K372.5[历史地理—历史学] K353.6[历史地理—世界史]