肺部中度冲击伤模型的建立  

Establishment of animal model with lung blast injury

作　　者：邹晓防[1] 李斌[1] 宋卫平[1] 何兰[1] 曹卫红[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军总医院烧伤整形科,北京100142

出　　处：《中华损伤与修复杂志（电子版）》2013年第3期9-11,22,共4页Chinese Journal of Injury Repair and Wound Healing(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的建立一种与爆炸性武器冲击波原发效应致伤机制近似稳定的重复性好的肺部中度冲击伤动物模型。方法实验动物采用6～7周龄雄性SD大鼠66只,体质量220～290g。爆炸源为药量5g的黑索今炸药。将66只大鼠随机分为4组:Ⅰ组(20只)距爆炸源50cm,Ⅱ组(20只)距爆炸源75cm,Ⅲ组(20只)距爆炸源100cm,正常组(6只)不做爆炸致伤。观察爆炸后4组大鼠一般生命情况,脏器损伤情况,并进行峰值压力检测。结果Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组呼吸频率均快于正常组,而心率慢于正常组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Ⅰ组大鼠内脏损伤情况符合轻度冲击伤;Ⅱ组大鼠符合中度冲击伤;Ⅲ组大鼠符合重度冲击伤。Ⅱ组峰值压力为(0.50±0.03)bar明显低于Ⅰ组峰值压力(1.96±0.04)bar,而高于Ⅲ组峰值压力(0.03±0.01)bar,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ⅱ组峰值压力上升时间为(6.49±0.04)ms早于Ⅲ组(7.59±0.10)ms,晚于Ⅰ组(4.43±0.03)ms,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用柱状炸药作为爆炸源制作冲击伤模型具有药量稳定,爆炸参数明确及能量可控制等优点,在距离爆炸源75cm处冲击波造成的损伤表现符合中度冲击伤模型标准。Objective To establish a stable animal model with blast injury by shock wave for experiment study. Methods A spherical explosive with explosive energy of 5 g cyclotrimethylene trinitramine was used to produce blast injury to the rats. According to the distance to explore resource, 66 rats were randomly divided into four groups, I group （50 cm to explore resource）, 11 group （75 cm to explore resource）, lllgroup （100 cm to explore resource） and normal group. The changes of the four groups were observed in general vital signs, organ injuries and peak pressures. Results The respiratory frequencies in I , II and 19 groups were faster than that in normal group, but rates of heart were slower there were statistical differences （ each P 〈 0.05 ）. Changes in I group were consistent with light blast injury. Changes in II group were conformed with moderate blast injury. Changes in m group were conformed with severe blast injury. The peak value of explosive pressure in II group （0.50 ±0.03 ）bar was obviously lower compared to I group （ 1.96 ± 0.04） bar, but significantly increased compared to III group （0.03 ±0.01 ）bar （P 〈 0.05）. The time to peak value of explosive pressure of II group （6.49 ± 0.04 ）ms was longer than that in I group （4.43 ±0.03）ms, and was shorter than that in 19 group （7.59 ±0.10）ms the differences were statistially significant （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Injury of rat produced by 5 g cyclotrimethylene trinitramine in 75 cm away can imitate moderate blast injury.

关 键 词：冲击伤 肺 动物模型 

分 类 号：R641[医药卫生—外科学] R-332[医药卫生—临床医学]