施用菇渣对土壤微生物、土壤肥力及夏玉米产量的影响  

Effects of Mushroom Residue Application on Soil Microorganisms,Soil Fertility,Yield of Summer Maize(Zea mays L.)

作　　者：郭宏敏[1] 陈世昌[1] 徐明辉[1] 周云帆[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业职业学院,河南郑州451450

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2013年第7期61-64,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关项目(082102110004)

摘　　要：在大田条件下,以夏玉米郑单958为试验材料,设置了10 000kg/hm2(LM)、15 000kg/hm2(MM)、20 000kg/hm2(HM)3个菇渣施用量处理,以不施菇渣为对照(CK),研究菇渣施用量对土壤微生物、土壤肥力以及玉米产量的影响。结果表明,施入菇渣的土壤中可培养细菌、放线菌、真菌数量比对照提高68.0%～133.3%(P<0.01)、60.0%～95.2%(P<0.01)、29.4%～47.1%;土壤总有机质、活性有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均表现为HM>MM>LM>CK,分别比对照提高14.7%～25.0%(P<0.05)、35.3%～47.1%(P<0.01)、9.7%～13.8%(P<0.05)、17.6%～25.6%(P<0.01)、9.6%～15.7%,活性有机质/总有机质由14.7%提高到17.2%～17.6%;HM、MM、LM 3个菇渣处理的玉米产量较对照增加9.62%、9.18%、7.07%(P<0.05)。表明施用菇渣对提高土壤微生物数量、土壤养分含量和夏玉米产量有显著效果。A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of mushroom residue on soil mi- croorganisms,soil fertility and maize yields. This study designed 4 application levels of 0（CK）, 10 000（LM）, 15 000（MM） and 20 000 kg（HM） mushroom residue per hectare. The results showed that the quantity of bacteria,actinomycetes, fungi in the HM, MM, LM treatments increased by 68.0%～133.3%（P〈0.01）、60.0%～95.2%（P〈0.01）、29.4%～47.1% compared to the CK, respectively. Soil organic matter, active organic matter, available N, available P and available K in the HM,MM, LM treatments were 14.7%～25.0%（P〈0.05）、35.3%～47.1%（P〈0.01）、9.7%～13.8%（P〈0.05）、17.6%～25.6%（P〈0.01）、9.6%～15.7% higher than the CK, re- spectively. The ratio of active organic matter to total organic matter increased from 14. 7% to 17. 2%--17. 6%. The maize yields in the HM, MM and LM treatments increased by 9.62%, 9. 18%, 7.07 % （P〈0. 05） compared with the CK. The results showed that mushroom residue ap- plication could significantly improve the soil microorganisms, nutrient contents and the yield of summer maize.

关 键 词：菇渣 夏玉米 土壤微生物 土壤养分 产量 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学] S513[农业科学—农业基础科学]