近岸海域泥沙侵蚀率与水流挟沙力  

Sediment carrying capacity and erosion rate of nearshore sediment

作　　者：李瑞杰[1] 郑俊[2] 丰青[1] 张文虎[3] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学海岸灾害及防护教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]国家海洋局海域管理技术重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [3]河海大学环境海洋实验室,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2013年第4期21-25,共5页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41276017);国家海洋局公益项目(201205005-2)

摘　　要：根据河流和近岸海域泥沙运动过程的差异,通过比较水沙界面泥沙通量、近岸海域泥沙侵蚀率和挟沙水流挟沙力,导出了适合于近岸海域泥沙的挟沙力公式,并且引入了挟沙水流有效流速的定义,得到挟沙力是有效流速的函数,其系数是泥沙粒径、阻力系数及底部泥沙体密度的函数。论证了波浪、潮流的有效流速为最大流速的1/槡2以及河道水流的有效流速即为河流流速,从理论上证明了刘家驹公式的适用性,同时用现场实测资料验证了给出的挟沙力公式的合理性。According to the difference between the two movement characteristics of river sediment and coastal sediment,a nearshore sediment carrying capacity formula is derived by the comparison of sediment flux of water-sediment interface,erosion rate of nearshore sediment and sediment carrying capacity.The sediment carrying capacity is the function of the sediment diameter,the friction factor,the bulk density of bed and the significant velocity of sediment-laden flows of which the definition is introduced in the paper.It is proved that the significant velocity of waves and tidal currents is 1/2 times the amplitude of velocity and the significant velocity of river flow is the river velocity.The formula of sediment carrying capacity is verified by field data.

关 键 词：侵蚀率 挟沙力 临界切应力 有效流速 

分 类 号：TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]