19世纪对心力衰竭发病机制认识和研究的历史回顾  

Retrospect of the history of recognition on the mechanism of heart failure and its research in the 19th century

作　　者：付德明[1,2] 王洪奇[2] 杨国闻[3] 张秀兰[1] 王卫淑[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第二医院老年心血管内科,太原030001 [2]山西医科大学人文学院医哲与医史教研室,太原2030001 [3]山西医科大学第二医院急诊科,太原3030001

出　　处：《中华医史杂志》2013年第3期157-163,共7页Chinese Journal of Medical History

摘　　要：早在公元前6世纪，人们对心力衰竭便有记载。当时，临床观察是最主要的方法。18世纪，临床观察与尸体解剖的结合，使病理解剖在心力衰竭病因病机研究中的应用成为可能。至19世纪，随着近代科学的兴起，实验室逐渐成为医学的中心，人们将临床与实验密切结合，致力于探索病变心脏大小和形态改变的临床意义，首先发现衰竭心脏的扩张与肥大之间存在区别。随后，人们对心脏扩张和肥大的机制进行了分析，发现心脏肥大的代偿意义，进而探讨了心脏瓣膜病与心脏扩张与肥大的关系。There were the records of heart failure in the 6th century B. C. At that time, clinical ob servation was the main approach. The combination of observation and anatomy in the 18th century rendered the application of pathological anatomy in the research of etiology and pathogenesis of heart failure possible. Up to the 19th century, with the upsurge of modem science, the laboratory became the center of medicine. The introduction of experiment into the clinic was used in the exploration of clinical significance of changes of the diseased heart＇ s size and shape, and the difference between cardiac hypertrophy and cardiectasis was found. The pathogenesis of these two diseases was analyzed, and the significance of compensation in cardiac hypertrophy was revealed, then the relationship of cardiovalvular disease, cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac dilatation was demonstrated.

关 键 词：心力衰竭 19世纪 瓣膜病 心脏肥大 心脏扩张 

分 类 号：R541.6[医药卫生—心血管疾病]