毫秒激光烧蚀镍靶高效率制备NiO纳米立方体  

High Yield NiO Nanocubes from Bulk Nickel by Millisecond Pulse Width Laser Ablation

作　　者：田飞[1] 安俊超[2] 曹宏梅[1] 郭世珍[1] 孙景[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学中医药工程学院,天津300193 [2]洛阳理工学院机电工程系,洛阳471023 [3]天津大学材料科学与工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2013年第8期1965-1970,共6页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:81102802)资助

摘　　要：利用长脉宽毫秒激光烧蚀浸没在循环水中的金属镍靶制备了大量的氧化镍(NiO)纳米立方体,通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、X射线衍射(XRD)和能量色散谱(EDS)等手段表征了产物的形貌和结构.结果表明,高功率密度激光产生的高温高压条件是形成NiO纳米立方体的最重要因素.激光功率密度高于104W/cm2时可以生成NiO纳米立方体,当功率高于该阈值时激光首先将镍靶烧蚀为金属液滴,高温的金属液体加热周围液体,并由于液体的限制效应使得压力进一步升高,最后金属液滴与液体发生表面反应生成NiO纳米立方体.Long-pulse-width laser was used to ablate bulk nickel target immersed in circulating water to obtain NiO nanocubes in high yield. Transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, selected area electron diffraction（SAED） and energy dispersive spectromety（EDS） were employed to characterize the morphology and structure of the NiO nanocubes. The formation of NiO nanocubes is ascribed to the high temperature and high pressure（HTHP） conditions produced by high power density laser. The results show that when the laser power density is above 104 W/cm^2, NiO nanocubes can be fabricated under laser ablation. The metal droplet is first generated by the laser with a power density higher than 104 W/cm^2, which boil the surrounding liquid and produce a HTHP vapor due to the confinement of the liquid layer, and finally the surface reaction between the metal droplet and liquid take place to form NiO nanocubes. The laser ablating of bulk nickel target immersed in circulating water is a simple, green, high efficient method for the preparation of NiO nanocubes.

关 键 词：NiO纳米立方体 激光烧蚀 高温高压 表面反应 金属液滴 

分 类 号：O644.18[理学—物理化学]