PLMA/PU共混纤维的制备与吸附性能  

Preparation of PLMA/PU Blend Fiber and Its Absorption Properties

作　　者：胡霄[1] 肖长发[1] 赵健[1] 封严[1] 徐乃库[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学,改性与功能纤维-天津市重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2013年第8期1985-1992,共8页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51103100;51103099)资助

摘　　要：以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为分散剂,过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,采用水相悬浮聚合法合成了聚甲基丙烯酸十二酯(PLMA),将其与聚氨酯(PU)共混、造粒、熔融纺丝制得PLMA/PU共混纤维.通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、单纤维强力仪及光学接触角测量仪等分析了纤维的结构与性能,同时研究了纤维对有机液体的吸附性能及循环使用性能等.研究结果表明,纤维具有良好的疏水亲油性,吸附后,纤维形态明显胀大;纤维对油性低分子有机物具有良好的吸附性能,其中对甲苯、三氯乙烯、柴油、煤油和含有原油(质量分数为10%)的甲苯溶液最大吸附率分别为4.86,8.1,2.42,2.04和3 g/g,吸附油品后的纤维经脱附可多次循环使用;PLMA对纤维吸附有机液体起决定作用,而PU的存在对纤维吸油时保持形态和纺丝成形起到重要作用.Polylauryl methacrylate（PLMA） was synthesized via aqueous suspension polymerization using polyvinyl alcohol（PVA） as a dispersing agent and benzoyl peroxide（BPO） as an initiator. PLMA/PU（polyurethane） blend fibers were prepared via blending, pelleting and melt spinning. The structure and properties of the as-spun fibers were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer（FTIR）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, electronic tensile tester and optical contact angle measuring apparatus. We also studied the absorption rate and reusability of fibers. The results demonstrate that the as-spun fibers exhibit good hydrophobicity and lipophilicity, the fibers are obviously swollen after oil adsorption; the fibers have impressive oil absorbency for light organic liquids, the maximum oil absorbency are 4.86, 8.1, 2.42, 2.04 and 3 g/g for toluene, trichloroethylene, diesel, kerosene and 10% mass fraction of crude oil, respectively. The oil-absorptive fiber could be reused after adsorption-desorption. PLMA played a dominant role during adsorption process; PU played a skeletal role in both organic liquid adsorption and spinning.

关 键 词：甲基丙烯酸十二酯 聚氨酯 共混纤维 吸附 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]