水稻秸秆还田和耕作方式对小麦抗倒伏能力的影响  

Effects of Rice Straw Returning into Field and Different Tillage Methods on Culm Lodging Resistance of Wheat

作　　者：李波[1] 魏亚凤[1] 汪波[1] 季桦[1] 熊飞[2] 张琛[2] 刘建[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所,江苏南通226541 [2]扬州大学生物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2013年第4期758-764,共7页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：江苏省科技项目(BK2010271)

摘　　要：为了解水稻秸秆还田与耕作方式对小麦抗倒伏能力的调节作用,分析了不同耕作方式(免耕、旋耕、浅翻耕、深翻耕)下水稻秸秆还田后小麦茎秆基部第1至第4节间主要物理性状及抗倒性的变化。结果表明,水稻秸秆还田后小麦株高降低,茎秆节间变短,基部节间茎秆抗折力增强,花后倒伏指数降低,抗倒性提高,尤以深翻耕处理表现最好;茎秆基部节间茎壁加厚,茎秆干重增加,充实度提高,从而增强了茎秆抗折力。Lodging is one of the constraints to the integrated production target of high yield for wheat.This study investigated the effect of rice straw returning into field and different tilligae methods on culm lodging resistance of wheat to provide a theoretical basis for high yield wheat production.Eight treatments were setted to investigate the lodging resistance of the first basal internode（N1）,second basal internode（N2）,third basal internode（N3）,fourth basal internode（N4） and main physical characteristics.The eight treatments were no-tillage,rotary tillage,shallow plowing after rice straw returning into field and that with no rice straw returning into field.The result was that returning rice straw into field could increase the lodging resistance of wheat.The lodging resistance of wheat was different at different stages.The lodging resistance was the best at flowering stage,and then at milking stage and that at dough stage was the worst.Lodging resistance in the treatment of deep plowing after rice straw returning into field was better than the others.The main reasons for the increased lodging resistance of wheat after rice straw returning to the field was that the increased breaking resistance of internodes after rice straw returning to the field.The decrease of plant height was due to the decreased internodes length.The dry weight of culm,thickness of every basal internodes and dry weight per unit internode increased after rice straw returning to the field.

关 键 词：小麦 稻草还田 耕作方式 倒伏指数 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S318