禾谷孢囊线虫的田间侵染规律及垂直分布研究  

Life Cycle and Vertical Distribution of Heterodera avenae on Wheat in Peixian,Jiangsu Province,China

作　　者：向桂林[1] 宋志强[1] 梁旭东[1] 胡小斌[1] 亓竹冉[1] 王暄[1] 李红梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农作物生物灾害综合治理教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2013年第4期789-794,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903040);国家自然科学基金项目(30900939)

摘　　要：为了解禾谷孢囊线虫(CCN)在小麦田间的侵染规律和分布动态,在2010-2012年的两个冬小麦生育周期里,定点调查CCN(Heterodera avenae)江苏沛县群体的田间生活史及不同虫态的数量。结果表明,在小麦生长季节中CCN只能完成一代生活史;小麦越冬前有少量二龄幼虫(J2)孵化,能侵入根系,但不能正常发育;返青期小麦的根围土壤中出现J2孵化高峰,大量侵入根系后,至抽穗期完成发育,在根系上形成肉眼可见的白色雌虫,在根内及土中可见少量雄虫;小麦成熟收获期,白色雌虫开始变褐形成孢囊,落入土中越夏。从田间垂直分布调查结果看,田间孢囊主要分布在土表下0～10cm土层,孢囊线虫孵化的J2也主要分布在0～10cm土层中,并且在返青期出现高峰,这与CCN的田间侵染规律相吻合。The information of life cycle and vertical distribution for cereal cyst nematode（CCN） in wheat field is critical to making strategies for integrated control of this disease.During two winter wheat growth seasons of October 2010 to June 2011 and October 2011 to June 2012,the life cycle and vertical distribution of CCN（Heterodera avenae） in wheat field in Peixian,Jiangsu Province was investigated systematically.The results showed that Heterodera avenae population completed only one life cycle during the whole growth season.Before wheat over-wintering,a few second stage juveniles（J2） of H.avenae were hatched,but only a few of them infected the root systems and none of them developed in normal.During the re-greening period,the hatching peak of J2 was appeared in soil and massive infection to roots was happened.In heading period,the white females appeared on roots which could be seen by naked eyes and some of males could be observed in roots and soil.During wheat maturation period,white females changed into brown cysts and fell into soil for over-summering.The results for vertical distribution revealed that cysts mainly distributed in soil under 0-10 cm layer.The hatched J2 also aggregated in the same layer and the peaks were appeared in re-greening period,which was in coincide with the life cycle CCN in field.

关 键 词：禾谷孢囊线虫 生活史 垂直分布 动态变化 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S435.122