宜昌地区支气管哮喘患儿主要过敏原检测分析  

Analysis of the common allergens for asthma children in Yichang

作　　者：文丹丹[1] 王敏[1] 罗飞[2] 彭经纬[1] 韩蓓[1] 

机构地区：[1]三峡大学第一临床医学院,湖北宜昌443000 [2]三峡大学第二临床医学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第15期2789-2791,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：三峡大学2011年研究生科研创新基金(2011CX062)

摘　　要：目的探讨宜昌地区支气管哮喘患儿主要过敏原分布特点及意义,为儿童变应性呼吸道疾病的防治提供理论依据。方法采用变应原皮肤点刺诊断试剂盒对2011年3月～2012年2月在宜昌市中心人民医院儿童哮喘专家门诊诊治的218例哮喘患儿进行皮肤点刺试验。结果 (1)对218例哮喘患儿检测发现,总阳性率为74.31%(162例);(2)一种过敏原阳性率27.52%(60例),两种或两种以上种过敏原阳性率72.48%(158例);(3)最常见过敏原的前四位为户尘螨(71.10%)、粉尘螨(70.64%)、狗毛(4.13%)、猫毛(3.67%);(4)户尘螨及粉尘螨过敏原皮肤点刺试验结果与哮喘急性发作严重程度有关。结论全面检测并避免接触过敏原是有效控制儿童哮喘的重要环节,由于儿童过敏性哮喘急性发作严重程度与尘螨过敏原有关,避免接触户尘螨及粉尘螨可能成为预防中、重度哮喘急性发作的重要措施。OBJECTIVE To determine the spectrum of common allergens for children with asthma in Yichang, to provide evidences on prevention and treatment of allergic respiratory tract diseases in children. METHODS The skin prick test （SPT） was performed in 218 children who coming from childhood asthma specialist clinic in Yichang Central People ’s Hospital from Mar 2011 to Feb 2012. RESULTS （ 1） SPT was successfully performed in all 218 patients. The positive rate of SPT was 74.31% （162 case）; （2） An allergen positive rate was 27.52% （60 cases）, two or more kinds of allergens positive rate was 72.48% （158 cases） ; （3） In SPT positive patients, the allergens with highest positive percentages were house dust mite （71.10%）, dermatophagoides farinae （70.64%）, then dog hair （4.13%） and cat hair （3.67%）; （4） There was a significant relation between allergen skin prick test results of house dust mite and dermatophagoides farinae and severity of acute exacerbation of asthma. CONCLUSION Comprehensive detection and avoiding contact with allergens is the effective control of asthma in children. Because of the significant relation between allergen skin prick test results of dermatophagoides farinae and house dust mite and severity of acute exacerbation of asthma, avoid exposure to mite allergen could become an important measure to prevent severe acute exacerbation of asthma.

关 键 词：支气管哮喘 儿童 过敏原 皮肤点刺试验 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]