也谈形式动词的功能  

On the Grammatical Function of Dummy Verbs in Chinese

作　　者：沈家煊[1] 张姜知[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京100732 [2]中国社会科学院研究生院,北京100732

出　　处：《华文教学与研究》2013年第2期8-17,23,共11页TCSOL Studies

摘　　要：从"名动分立"出发来说明汉语形式动词的功能遇到诸多问题,包括前后矛盾、循环论证、缺乏内在联系等。要解决这些问题,必须摆脱印欧语的眼光,确立汉语"名动包含"的名动关系,按名词向动词"虚化"的程度不同将形式动词的功能确定为"增强谓语的陈述性和宾语的指称性"。这个功能定位简单统一,不仅能解决存在的问题,还能解释许多相关的现象。In previous studies of the function of dummy verbs in Chinese,there existed many problems,including inconsistency,cyclic reasoning,lack of cohesion,and explanatory inadequacy,because those studies were all based on noun-verb opposition which does exist in Indo-European languages but not in Chinese.To solve all those problems it is necessary to accept the theory as explicated in Shen(2007,2009,2010a,2012a) that nouns in Chinese constitute a super-noun category which includes verbs.From the perspective of grammaticalization,Chinese nouns and verbs are still pragmatic in nature and represent reference and predication respectively.The function of dummy verbs should therefore be defined in a simple and unified way as strengthening the predication and the object's reference.

关 键 词：形式动词 名动包含 虚化 指称性 口语和书面语 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]