板栗雄花败育资源及其利用研究  

Research and utilization of male-inflorescence-abortive resource in Castanea mollissima

作　　者：刘国彬[1] 兰彦平[1] 曹均[1] 周连第[1] 兰卫宗[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院农业综合发展研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《果树学报》2013年第4期582-585,I0003,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家林业局公益性行业专项(201104025);北京市农林科学院农业综合发展研究所青年基金项目(2012)

摘　　要：【目的】为了观察板栗雄花发育过程,探讨板栗雄花败育的细胞学基础及其利用价值,【方法】以板栗雄性不育2号(Cms-2)为试材,采用常规石蜡制片法和人工杂交法对雄花发育过程中的细胞学特征及有性杂交过程中的结实特性进行了观察。【结果】(1)Cms-2雄花序发育初期细胞发育正常,进入雄蕊分化期后雄花序上部组织结构逐渐停止发育,组织细胞开始破裂、解体、死亡;(2)在有性杂交中,无论是自然杂交、种内杂交还是远缘杂交,Cms-2均表现出较强的杂交结实能力。【结论】Cms-2为不完全雄花败育类型,败育发生于雄蕊分化期至花药形成初期,败育时未形成花粉囊,属于花药退化型雄性不育;Cms-2稳定的雄花败育性状及优良的结实特性使其在板栗育种及种质创新中具有重要价值。[Objective]The study is to observe staminate flower development process of male-sterile ＇ Cms- 2＇（Castanea mollissima Blume）, and to reveal its cytological characteristics and breeding value. [Method] using conventional paraffin sectioning method and artificial hybridization. [Result]The result showed that, （1） the male inflorescence development of Cms-2 was normal in the initial stages until differentiation of the stamen, then pollen development at the upper part of the male inflorescence stopped, and the cell de- stroyed, disintegrated and died gradually. （2） During sexual hybridization, whether natural crossing or in- traspeeific hybridization, or distant hybridization, compared with other cuhivars, Cms-2 had stronger seed-setting ability. [Conclusion]Cms-2 is an incomplete male-sterile germplasm, belonging to anther degeneration, without anther and pollen sac. The abortion mainly occurred from the differentiation stage of the stamen to the initial formation stage of anther. The stabilization of male-sterile characteristics and ex- cellent seed-setting characteristics make Cms-2 play a very important role in hybridization and germplasm enhancement.

关 键 词：板栗 雄花序 雄性不育 细胞学特征 利用 

分 类 号：S664.2[农业科学—果树学]