苹果轮纹病菌对戊唑醇的敏感基线及其室内抗药突变体研究  

Study on baseline-sensitivity of Botryosphaeria dothidea to tebuconazole and the Biological characteristics of tebuconazole-resistant mutants

作　　者：范昆[1] 曲健禄[1] 李林光[1] 王涛[1] 秦旭 李晓军[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271000 [2]山东省农业干部管理学院,济南250100

出　　处：《果树学报》2013年第4期650-656,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：现代苹果产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28);山东省科技发展计划(2012GNC11319)

摘　　要：【目的】为明确苹果主产区轮纹病菌对戊唑醇的敏感现状,并评价苹果轮纹病菌对戊唑醇的抗性风险,【方法】采用菌丝生长速率法,测定了51株采自山东、河北、陕西等地的苹果轮纹病菌对戊唑醇的敏感性,并通过紫外线诱变野生敏感菌株获得抗药性突变体,进一步利用菌丝生长速率法测定抗性菌株对其他一些杀菌剂的交互抗性并比较其与敏感菌株之间的部分生物学特性。【结果】51株苹果轮纹病菌菌株EC50值分布于0.0111~0.7264 mg.L-1,平均EC50值（0.2541±0.0151）mg.L-1,其对戊唑醇的敏感性呈单峰分布,可作为将来进行田间苹果轮纹病菌对戊唑醇抗药性检测的敏感性基线。通过紫外线诱变野生敏感菌株获得9株抗性突变体,抗性倍数在11.00～67.88。抗性菌株UV-TS1-10对丙环唑等7种药剂表现出了不同程度的交互抗药性。9株抗戊唑醇突变体继代培养至第9代,抗性倍数逐渐下降,表明所获抗性不能稳定遗传。抗药性突变体的菌丝生长速率与亲本菌株无明显差异,而菌丝干重却与亲本菌株相比显著性降低。【结论】苹果轮纹病菌对戊唑醇具有中度至高度抗药性风险,生产中需引起高度重视。[Objective] The aim of the study was to investigate the sensitivity of Botryosphaeria berengriana f. sp. piricola and assess the resistance risk of Botryosphaeria dothidea to tebuconazole. [Method] The sen- sitivity of 51 strains from Shandong, Hebei and Shanxi provinces to tebuconazole were measured by mycelium growth rate. Tehuconazole-resistant mutants were obtained by ultraviolet-induction. By measur- ing the colony diameters, the characteristics of the resistant and sensitive isolates and the cross-resistance of the resistant isolate to some fungicides were studied. [Result] The frequency distributions of ECs0 values of the 51 strains were all unimodal and the ECs0 values ranged from 0.0111 to 0.7264 mg. L-1. The sensitive baseline of B. berengriana f. sp. piricola to tebuconazole was determined as （0.2541_＋0.0151 ） mg＂ L-1 based on the mean ECs0 value. In laboratory, 9 resistant mutants were obtained from wild-type isolates through uhra-violet irradiation. The resistance folds ranged from 11.00 to 67.88. Tebuconazole -resistant isolates showed positive cross resistance to propiconazole and 6 other fungicides. The resistance ratio of resistant mutants gradually decreased after 9 generations of subcultures in the absence of fungicides, which suggested that the resistance obtained was unstable. The mycelial dry weight of mutants was signifi- cantly lower than that of their parent isolates, but there was no significant difference on colony growth rate. [Conclusion] Tebuconazole-resistant isolates existed moderate or high risk resistance and more at- tention needed to be paid in production.

关 键 词：苹果轮纹病菌 戊唑醇 敏感基线 抗药突变体 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]