浙江省葡萄炭疽菌对甲基硫菌灵和戊唑醇的抗药性研究  

Resistance of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing grape ripe rot to Thiophanate-methyl and Tebuconazole in Zhejiang

作　　者：陈聃[1] 时浩杰[1] 吴慧明[1] 徐志宏[1] 张传清[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学农业与食品科学学院植物保护系,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《果树学报》2013年第4期665-668,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(编号:201303023);浙江省三农六方"避雨栽培葡萄主要病虫防控技术研究及应用";浙江省公益技术应用研究项目(2010C32083)

摘　　要：【目的】了解浙江地区葡萄炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)对苯并咪唑类杀菌剂和甾醇脱甲基抑制剂(DMI)类杀菌剂的抗药性现状,为其防治提供依据和指导。【方法】采用区分剂量法测定了浙江省临安市、诸暨市和金华市的3个葡萄重要产区的108个葡萄炭疽病菌株对甲基硫菌灵和戊唑醇的抗药性,并对甲基硫菌灵敏感和抗药性菌株中的β-tubulin基因进行了扩增、测序和比较。【结果】所采集菌株群体对甲基硫菌灵的抗药性频率为37.04%,且均为高水平抗药性菌株(Ben HR),Ben HR对多菌灵和乙霉威表现双重抗药性,其β-tubulin基因的第200位密码子从TTC突变为TAC,导致第200位氨基酸从苯丙氨酸(Phe)突变为络氨酸(Tyr)。所采集菌株群体共检测到33个(30.56%)对戊唑醇表现低水平抗药性的菌株。【结论】浙江地区葡萄炭疽病菌对甲基硫菌灵、乙霉威产生了严重的抗药性,对DMIs类杀菌剂戊唑醇的抗药性发展迅速。[Objective] The study was to test the resistance of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides collected from grapes to benzimidazole fungicides and sterol demethylation inhibitor （DMI） in Zhejiang province, which could provide theoretical basis for controlling grape ripe rot. [Methods]108 strains of Col!etotrichum gloeosporioides were collected from grape orchard in Lin＇an, Zhuji and Jinhua, the important grape pro- duction regions in Zhejiang province for evaluating their resistances to thiophanate-methyl and tebucona- zole by distinguishing dosage method, and the/3-tubulin gene in thiophanate-methyl sensitive and resis- tant strains were amplified and sequenced. [Results]The resistance frequency of the isolates to thio- phanate-methyl was 37.04% ,which belonged to high level resistance（Ben HR）. The Bert HR isolates showed double- resistance to carbendazim and diethofencarb. Sequence alignment indicated a substitution of TAC for TFC at codon 200 of 13-tubulin gene in BEN HR isolates, which led a substitution of tyrosine for phenylalanine at codon 200. Thirty three isolates（30.56%） showed low-level resistance to tebucona- zole. [Conclusion]Colletotrichum gloeosporioides collected from grapes had developed serious resistance to thiophanate-methyl and diethofencarb in Zhejiang. Moreover, the resistance to tebuconazole also devel- oped quickly in Zhejiang.

关 键 词：葡萄炭疽病菌 甲基硫菌灵 乙霉威 戊唑醇 抗药性 β-tubulin基因 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]