不同施肥方式对黄冠梨果实发育特性及果实品质的影响  

Effect of Fertilizer Application Methods on Fruit Development Characteristics and Quality of "Huangguan" Pear

作　　者：赵林[1] 杨峰[1] 张玉娇[1] 樊继德[1] 陆信娟[1] 李勇[1] 王福建 

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所,江苏徐州221121 [2]江苏徐州丰县大沙河果园,江苏徐州221700

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第6期98-101,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：江苏省自主创新项目[CX(11)2003]

摘　　要：以7a生棚架黄冠梨/杜梨为试材,研究不同施肥方式对黄冠梨果实发育特性及果实品质的影响。结果表明,放射沟施肥(T1)、小穴散施(T2)及地表撒施(T3)对果实发育早期单果质量及横纵径变化规律无影响,而对膨大期与成熟期的增长量有显著影响,T1、T2、T3单果质量自103d开始各处理间差异极显著,于果实成熟期(117d)达到最大,分别为405.43、344.11和266.91g,各处理间横纵径差异极显著,初始时间不同,两者均于124d达到最大。随着可溶性固形物质量分数的升高,硬度逐渐下降,果实膨大期T1可溶性固形物质量分数逐渐超过T2、T3,124d时达到最高,分别为12.60%、12.50%和12.22%,果实硬度达到最低,分别为6.99、6.42和5.72kg·cm-2。The effect of fertilizer application methods on fruit development characteristics and quality of seven year old ＂Huangguan＂ pear tree（Pyrus sorotina）/ Pyrus betulifolia Bge.was studied.The results show that three methods of fertilizer application,ditch（T1）,hole（T2）,surface（T3） have no effect on the single fruit mass,transvers diameter or longitudinal diameter during early development stage,but significantly affect the increments of fruit growth in expansion and maturity stages.The significant differences on the single fruit mass are beginning at 103 d,and reach the biggest at the maturity stage in 117 d（405.43 g,344.11 g,266.91 g）.The transvers diameter and longitudinal diameter are different at different development stages among three treatments,and the biggest difference is in 124 d.The soluble solids mass fraction of pear is rising with the fruit hardness going down during fruit development stages.During the rapid-expanding stage,the soluble solids mass fraction of T1 was higher,and was up to the highest at the end of maturity stage,which was 12.60%,12.50%,12.22% respectively.The fruit hardness was the lowest（6.99,6.42,5.72 kg·cm-2）.

关 键 词：施肥 发育特性 品质 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]