新疆巴音布鲁克高寒草地马先蒿的危害及防除  

Damaging and Controlling of Pedicularis on Bayinbulake Grassland in Xinjiang

作　　者：艾海买江.阿吉 

机构地区：[1]新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州草原工作站,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《草食家畜》2013年第4期37-39,42,共4页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：新疆科技厅攻关计划项目(200533122);新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州科技重大项目(20054046)

摘　　要：【目的】掌握马先蒿危害现状,有效遏制巴音布鲁克高寒草地马先蒿的蔓延危害。【方法】对马先蒿分布及危害进行调查,并开展化学防除试验。【结果】巴音布鲁克分布有6种马先蒿属植物,分布最广危害最重的为轮叶马先蒿(Pedicularis verticillata L.)。马先蒿的危害主要表现在降低天然草地物种丰富度、物种多样性、禾本科牧草盖度以及生物量,马先蒿占据优势的草地基本无法放牧利用。二钾四氯钠盐喷施灭杀轮叶马先蒿效果与2,4-D丁酯喷施相同,但是2,4-D丁酯的喷施对禾本科有一定的影响。【结论】二钾四氯钠盐为灭杀轮叶马先蒿的最佳药剂,禁牧或减轻放牧压力是实现马先蒿可持续控制的根本途径。In order to fully distribution situation and its understand and control grassland weed plant Pedicularis verticillata L. ＇s damaging actualities in Alpine Meadow of Bayanbulak alpine grassland, field survey and plot method were used to investigate the occurrence and distribution area, Arcgis, EDS and other software were used to draw Pedicularis vertieillata L. ＇s occurrence and distribution area.investigated the distribution and researching damaged on livestock husbandary, chose two kinds of chemical pharmacy （2,4-D butyl ester and MCPA） to control the Pedieularis vertieilata, there are 6 species of Pedieularis, Pedieularis vertieillata is most importence with biggest acreage .river flow is the media to prolifferenee of Pedicularis verticillata, the best time was full flowering stage when we sprayed the two kinds of pharmacy. here was a little influence on grass family when we spraying 2,4-D butyl ester, but the result was opposite to spray the other pharmacy. MCPA was the ideal chemical pharmacy on Pedieularis vertieilata＇s chemical control, rational grazing system in grassland, control and make carrying capacity of grassland, enclosure, reseeding, fertilization and other restorative measures were needed in control weed Pedieularis vertieillata L.＇ s occurrence and extension efficiently. Finally, how to rational use Pedicularis vertieillata L.;s pharmaceutical function and ornamental value were expounded.

关 键 词：马先蒿 化学防除 高寒草原 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]