移植肾围手术期肠道并发症原因分析及护理  

Reason analysis and nursing for intestinal complication during renal transplantation perioperative period

作　　者：张琳[1] 杨其顺[1] 张春媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京军区北戴河疗养院,066100

出　　处：《中国疗养医学》2013年第7期638-639,共2页Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine

摘　　要：目的总结移植肾围手术期肠道并发症原因及护理要点。方法回顾分析2008-01—2013-01期间解放军第281医院肾移植围手术期出现肠道并发症28例患者的发病原因、护理干预及预后情况。结果 28例中,腹泻18例,肠胀气7例,肠梗阻3例,因腹泻出现移植肾急性排异反应2例。经止泻、抗感染,禁食水、胃肠减压等分别处理后,18例腹泻,7例肠胀气,2例肠梗阻治愈。另1例肠梗阻经手术治疗痊愈。2例急性排异反应经甲强龙冲击治疗后成功逆转。结论肠道并发症是肾移植术后不可完全避免的并发症之一。密切细致的护理观察,能够及时发现病情变化;恰当的护理干预可以减轻患者痛苦,缩短疗程,在肠道并发症治疗中有非常重要的意义,提高肾移植成功率。Objective To summarize the reasons for intestinal complications during renal transplantation perioperative period and its nursing points.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted to 28 cases with intestinal complication during renal transplantation perioperative period from January,2008 to January,2013 at No.281 Hospital of People＇s Liberation Army so as to study the aetiological agent,nursing intervention and prognosis.Results Among 28 patients,there were 18 cases with diarrhea,7 cases with intestinal tympanites,3 cases with intestinal obstruction,and 2 cases of renal transplantation acute rejection reaction due to diarrhea.After disposal of anti-diarrhea,anti-infection,water fasting,and gastrointestinal decompression respectively,18 cases with diarrhea,7 cases with intestinal tympanites ,and 2 case with intestinal obstruction were cured . The other one case with intestinal obstruction was cured after surgery. 2 cases of renal transplantation acute rejection reaction successfully reversed by methylprednisolone impact therapy. Conclusion Intestinal complication after renal transplantation is one of the complications that can not be completely avoided.Meticulous care and close observation can detect changes in condition;appropriate nursing interventions can reduce patients＇ sufferings and shorten the course of treatment,which is of great significance in the treatment of intestinal complications to improve the success rate of renal transplantation.

关 键 词：肾移植术后 肠道并发症 原因分析 护理 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]