一次强降温过程中温度与降水分布及成因分析  

Distribution Characteristics of Temperature and Precipitation during a Strong Cooling Process and Its Formation Cause

作　　者：邓承之 江玉华 周通 

机构地区：[1]重庆气象台,重庆401147 [2]重庆黔江区气象局,重庆409000

出　　处：《气象科技》2013年第3期544-551,共8页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：重庆市气象局青年基金项目(QNJJ-201202)资助

摘　　要：2011年3月13—15日,冷空气入侵重庆地区引起了一次区域性强降温天气。过程显著降温区域位于重庆中西部地区,而大降水区域位于重庆中东部地区。分析表明,这种降温降雨分布特征的形成,主要是由于冷空气侵入四川盆地的路径结合地形引起的。高空横槽转竖引导槽后冷空气向南爆发,冷空气南下至河套地区后,在地形的作用下,分西北和东北两条路径侵入四川盆地,其中西北路径为主要路径,由西北路径进入盆地的冷空气,结合重庆的特殊地形,引起了盆地内重庆中西部地区的显著降温;两条路径中的冷空气在川东地区相遇后有弱锢囚锋生成,锢囚锋出现的时间与位置与大降水出现的时间与落区基本一致,诊断分析显示,锢囚锋所在区域对应着较强上升运动区和水汽辐合的大值区。锢囚锋可能是重庆中东部地区大降水产生的主要原因。The invasion of cold air caused a regional strong cooling weather in Chongqing from 13 to 15 March 2011. The significant cooling occurred in the mid-west Chongqing, and the heavy precipitation in the mid-east Chongqing. Analysis indicates that the temperature and precipitation distribution characteristics are mainly caused by the path of cold air and the occluded front generated in the eastern Sichuan. The turning of the high-altitude transverse trough （becoming vertical） guided the north cold air to move southwards. The cold air invaded the Sichuan basin by two paths, the northwest path and the northeast path, when it arrived at the Hetao Region. The cold air invaded the Sichuan Basin by the northwest path, which was the main path of the cold air, caused significant cooling in the mid-west Chongqing; the occluded front appeared when the cold air of the two paths met, and its appearance time and location basically consisted with the heavy precipitation. The diagnostic analysis shows that the occluded front region corresponded to the high value region of strong ~iscending motion and moisture convergence, so it is the main reason for the heavy precipitation in the mid-east Chongqing.

关 键 词：强降温 天气背景 锢囚锋 地形 

分 类 号：P458.122[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]