不同原料土壤侵蚀磁性示踪剂的研制及应用  

Development and Application of Different Materials Magnetic Tracers to Soil Erosion

作　　者：胡国庆[1] 张民[1] 刘庆[2] 邱现奎[1] 董元杰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室,国家缓控释肥工程技术研究中心,山东泰安271018 [2]滨州学院山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室

出　　处：《河北科技师范学院学报》2013年第2期70-75,共6页Journal of Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology

基　　金：国家"948"重点项目(项目编号:2011-G30);山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室2012年度开放基金资助项目(项目编号:2012KFJJ02);山东省高等学校青年骨干教师国内访问学者项目

摘　　要：以细土、膨润土、粉煤灰和水泥为原料,铁粉为磁性调节剂,采用圆盘造粒法制作了3种磁性示踪剂,确定了其最佳布设质量分数和布设深度,并通过室内模拟降雨试验,对其示踪效果进行了研究。结果表明,在模拟降雨条件下,以粉煤灰和水泥为原料的示踪剂具有极高的水稳性,在30 mm/h和60 mm/h的模拟降雨条件下,径流中示踪剂与泥沙均呈极显著性相关,质量比分别为0.030 2和0.041 3。3种磁性示踪剂以粉煤灰和水泥为原料的示踪效果最好,其坡面磁化率变化值可以准确指示出坡面侵蚀沉积的空间分布。Developing and applying magnetic tracer is an important way to promote the development of soil ero- sion magnetic tracer method. The objective of this study is to develop a good magnetic tracer to study the ero- sion and deposition of sediments in runoff plots. In this study, three kinds of environmental magnetic tracers were developed using fine soil, bentonite, and fly ash, cement and iron powder with the method of pan granu- lator. The best placing concentration and depth of these tracers were determined, and their tracing effects were studied through runoff plot experiments under simulated and natural rainfalls. The results showed that, FC was made of fly ash and cement by the mass ratio of 2：1 with greatest water stability. The mass ratios of tracer （FC） to sediments of runoff were 0. 030 2 and 0. 041 3 under simulated rainfalls of 30 mm/h and 60 ram/h, and their correlations were significantly related. In conclusion, FC was satisfactory for the changed values of magnetic susceptibility which could accurately reflect the spatial distribution of erosion and deposition in runoff plots.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 磁性示踪剂 模拟降雨 泥沙沉积 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]