长江口及其毗邻海域鱼类群落优势种的生态位宽度与重叠  

Ecological niche breadth and niche overlap of dominant species of fish assemblage in Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent waters

作　　者：李显森[1] 于振海[2] 孙珊[1] 金显仕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室/山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]山东省淡水水产研究所,济南250013

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第8期2353-2359,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB409805);‘泰山学者’建设工程专项(2008-67)资助

摘　　要：根据"北斗号"调查船2006年6月、8月和10月在长江口及其毗邻海域进行渔业资源底拖网调查的资料,通过相对重要性指数确定鱼类群落优势种,对优势种的生态位测度指标及季节变化进行分析.结果表明:3航次的优势种共有10种,它们的生态位宽度和生态位重叠指标呈现出明显的季节性变化,通过Bray-Curtis相似性聚类与非度量多维标度(MDS)分析可分为两组.第一组为鳀鱼、鳄齿鱼、发光鲷,其生态位宽度和生态位重叠指标夏季大于秋季,呈现出由夏季到秋季从长江口及其毗邻海域向外部深水区移动的趋势;第二组为带鱼、矛尾虾虎鱼、细条天竺鲷、小黄鱼、刺鲳、白姑鱼、七星底灯鱼,其生态位宽度和生态位重叠指标秋季大于夏季,呈现出由夏季到秋季从黄海南部和东海北部水域向长江口及其毗邻海域移动的趋势.这两组鱼类不同的移动趋势与其生态习性和环境因素有关.Based on the fishery resources data from the bottom trawl surveys conducted on the R /V Beidou in the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent waters in June,August and October of 2006, the index of relative importance （ IRI） was measured to determine the dominant species of fish assemblage,and the niche indicators and their seasonal variations of the dominant species were analyzed. A total of 10 dominant species in the 3 survey cruises were recorded,which were divided into two groups by the Bray-curtis similarity clustering and non-metric multidimensional scaling （ MDS） analysis,with a significant seasonal variation of niche breadth and niche overlap. One group included Engraulis japonicus,Champsodon capensis,and Acropoma japonicum,whose niche breadth and niche overlap were larger in summer than in autumn,with a migration from the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent waters to outer deeper waters,while the other group included Trichiurus haumela,Chaeturichthys stigmatias,Apogon lineatus,Larimichthys polyactis,Psenopsis anomala,Argyrosomus argentatus,and Benthosema pterotum,whose niche breadth and niche overlap were larger in autumn than in summer,with a reverse migration from southern Yellow Sea and northern East China Sea to the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent waters. The different migration direction of the two groups was related to their ecological habits and environmental factors.

关 键 词：底拖网调查 相对重要性指数 优势种 生态位 长江口 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]