不同土壤热通量测算方法的比较及其对地表能量平衡闭合影响的研究  

The Observation and Calculation Method of Soil Heat Flux and Its Impact on the Energy Balance Closure

作　　者：徐自为[1] 刘绍民[1] 徐同仁[1] 丁闯[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学遥感科学国家重点实验室,地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2013年第8期875-889,共15页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项"多尺度地表蒸散量与土壤水分的观测与模拟";国家自然科学基金项目"基于遥感和数据同化方法的海河流域水文通量预测研究--SP2:不同尺度蒸散量和土壤水分的观测研究"(编号:30911130504)资助

摘　　要：土壤热通量是地表能量平衡的重要分量,对其测算方法的研究对理解能量平衡过程具有十分重要的意义。利用2010年馆陶站土壤热通量等相关观测数据对多种测算土壤热通量的方法:实测土壤热通量和热储存量的结合方法(PlateCal)、热传导方程校正法(TDEC)、谐波分析法(HM)、平均土壤热电偶法(TCAV)、耦合热传导—对流法(ITCC)获取的地表土壤热通量进行了对比分析,并且采用最优方法计算馆陶站2008—2010年的地表土壤热通量,分析了该站土壤热通量日、季节变化特征。主要结论如下:①PlateCal和TDEC法分别为获取土壤热通量的最优观测与计算方法,而HM,TCAV和ITCC法计算结果均不理想;②PlateCal与TDEC法对地表土壤温度均不敏感,而HM法对地表土壤温度则比较敏感,各种地表土壤热通量的观测与计算方法均对土壤湿度敏感;③馆陶站冬小麦、玉米覆盖地表及地表裸露时期的地表土壤热通量均呈现典型的日、季节变化特征,与净辐射变化趋势一致;④考虑热储存后,可将馆陶站2010年各月地表能量闭合率提高4%～11%,对2008—2010年的年能量平衡闭合率提高3%～5%。The soil heat flux is an important component of the surface energy balance equation, and the observation and calculation method of soil heat flux is of great significance. The surface soil heat flux was calculated and analyzed using the ohservation and ealculation methods, including PlateCal, TDEC, HM,TCAV, ITCC based on the meteorological data of Guantao site in 2010. With the comparison of the results derived from these five methods,the optimal method is selected and used to obtain the land surface heat fluxes of Guantao site during 2008-2010, and the diurnal and seasonal variation characteristics are analyzed. The main conclusions are： （1）PlateCal and TDEC are the optimal observation and calculation methods for obtaining land surface soil heat flux, respectively; while the results of HM,TCAV,and ITCC method are not satisfied. （2）The PlateCal and TDEC methods are both sensitive to the surface soil temperature, however,the HM method is not sensitive to the surface soil temperature,and all the observation and calculation methods are sensitive to soil moisture. （3）The surface soil heat flux showed a typical diurnal variations during winter wheat, corrl and bare soil, and the seasonal variation is consistent with the trend of net radiation. （4）When the soil heal storage was considered,the monthly surface energy balance closure ratio in 2010 could increase 4% - 11% ,arid the aromal energy balance closure ratio increased 3% -5% in the year of 2008-2010 at Guantao site.

关 键 词：地表土壤热通量 土壤热流板 地表能量平衡闭合率 

分 类 号：P423.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] S152.8[农业科学—土壤学]