中国大学生自杀死亡接触状况及其在生活事件与自杀风险之间的调节效应  

Suicide exposure and its modulatory effects on relations between life events and suicide risk in Chinese college students

作　　者：赵久波[1] 赵静波[1] 肖蓉[1] 杨雪岭[1] 张小远[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生学院心理学系,广东广州510515

出　　处：《南方医科大学学报》2013年第8期1111-1116,共6页Journal of Southern Medical University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAI77B01);广东省高校人文社科重大攻关项目(2012GXM-0006);广东省哲学社会科学规划研究项目(07SJY004);广东省思想政治教育课题(2012ZY013)~~

摘　　要：目的了解中国大学生自杀死亡接触流行现况及其与自杀风险的关系,检验自杀死亡接触史在生活事件与自杀风险之间的调节效应。方法采用自杀行为问卷-修订版(SBQ-R)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)、自编自杀死亡接触及基本情况问卷对全国6个地区的8202名在校大学生进行问卷调查。结果⑤中国大学生近亲自杀死亡史和熟人自杀死亡史的发生率分别为3.9%和11.8%;⑤有近亲自杀死亡史大学生的SBQ-R总分显著高于无近亲自杀死亡史大学生的得分(5.51±2.44 vs 4.68±2.11,P<0.01);有熟人自杀死亡史大学生的SBQ-R总分显著高于无熟人自杀死亡史大学生的得分(5.23±2.48 vs 4.64±2.07,P<0.01);具有自杀死亡接触史的大学生的自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂行为率显著高于无相应经历者(P<0.05);⑤生活事件及其各因子与自杀风险呈显著正相关(0.11≤r≤0.26,P<0.01);⑤近亲自杀死亡史×熟人自杀死亡史交互项、生活事件×近亲自杀死亡史交互项对自杀风险的作用不显著(P>0.05),生活事件×熟人自杀死亡史交互项对自杀风险的交互作用具有统计学意义(P<0.01),高生活事件水平且具有熟人自杀死亡史者自杀风险相对最高。结论中国大学生的自杀死亡接触史、生活事件与自杀风险关系密切,有近亲自杀死亡史、熟人自杀史、生活事件水平越高,自杀风险越大;熟人自杀死亡史在生活事件与自杀风险的关系中存在调节效应。Objective To explore the incidence of suicide exposure and its association with suicide risk in Chinese college students,and study the modulatory effects of suicide exposure on the relations between life events and suicide risks.Methods A total of 8202 college students from 12 Chinese colleges and universities in China's Mainland completed a cross-sectional survey that included suicidal behaviors questionnaire-revised(SBQ-R),Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List(ASLEC),suicide exposure questionnaire,social and demographic characteristics questionnaire.Results The incidence of exposure to suicide events involving close relatives and acquaintances were 3.9% and 11.8% among sampled Chinese college students,respectively.Students exposed to suicide events involving close relatives had significantly higher total SBQ-R scores than those who did not(5.51 ± 2.44 vs 4.68 ± 2.11,P<0.01),and suicide events of acquaintances were also associated with significantly increased total SBQ-R scores(5.51±2.44 vs 4.68±2.11,P<0.01);these suicides events all contributed to significantly increased rates of suicidal ideation,suicide plans and suicide attempts in the college students(P<0.05).The life events showed a significant positive correlation with suicide risks(0.11≤r≤0.26,P<0.01).The interactions of exposure to suicide events involving close relatives and acquaintances and the interactions of life events and suicide of close relatives for suicide risk were not significant(P>0.05),but exposure to acquaintance suicide events moderated the effects of life events on suicide risk(P< 0.01),and the college students with a high level of life events and history of acquaintance suicide had the highest risk for suicide.Conclusion In Chinese college students,the risk of suicide is closely associated with exposure to suicide events and life events,and exposure to suicide events involving acquaintances can modulate the effects of life events on suicide risk.

关 键 词：大学生 自杀接触 近亲自杀史 熟人自杀史 生活事件 自杀 

分 类 号：B846[哲学宗教—心理学]