大鼠坐骨神经去感觉模型及其应用解剖学研究  

A rat model of sciatic nerve deafferentation： anatomy, tracing and surgery

作　　者：刘丹[1] 张燕平[2] 糜大国[3] 顾剑辉[2] 胡文[1] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学神经再生重点实验室,江苏226001 [2]南通大学附属医院手外科 [3]南通市中医院骨伤科

出　　处：《中华手外科杂志》2013年第4期201-204,共4页Chinese Journal of Hand Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目（81100939）;江苏省高校自然科学基金项目（10KJB310009）;江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目（CXZZ12.0872）;南通大学研究生科技创新计划项目（YKC12007）

摘　　要：目的探讨大鼠坐骨神经感觉纤维在背根神经节的定位，建立大鼠坐骨神经去感觉模型。方法采用TrueBlue坐骨神经逆行示踪法和大体解剖观察（17只大鼠，共34侧），了解大鼠坐骨神经感觉纤维起源于哪些背根神经节；在此基础上，选择性切除大鼠左侧14．k背根神经节（n=8），术后进行红外热痛觉测定和神经捏压试验，评价感觉去除情况。结果神经逆行示踪显示坐骨神经感觉纤维的来源及比例如下：Ⅰ型，源自14一16，占58．8％；Ⅱ型，源于L4-L5，占8．8％；Ⅲ型，源于18-L6占23．5％；Ⅳ型，源自L8～L5，占8．9％。该组成和比例与大体解剖所见相似。切除大鼠左侧k～k背根神经节后，左足第五趾末节趾腹痛觉丧失，直接捏压术侧胫神经、腓总神经和腓肠神经时大鼠均无疼痛反应。结论大鼠坐骨神经感觉纤维主要源于14一k背根神经节，但部分坐骨神经有L3参与，可通过切除一L3～L6背根神经节来建立大鼠坐骨神经去感觉传人模型。Objective To identify the dorsal root ganglia （DRG） origin of sensory fibers in the rat sciatic nerve so as to establish a rat model of sciatic nerve deafferentation via selective DRG resection. Methods A total of 25 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. The DRG from which sensory fibers in the sciatic nerve were originated were identified by retrograde neuronal tracing as well as anatomical observations in 34 sciatic nerves of 17 rats. The remaining 8 rats received a surgery during which the left L3 to 1-6 DRG were resected. Infrared plantar test and sensory nerve pinch test were utilized to assess deafferentation efficacy 2 weeks after DRG resection. Results Retrograde tracing showed that the sciatic nerves exhibited four types of sensory innervation from lumbar DRG with a proportionality similar to that observed in gross anatomy： type l , sensory nerve fibers originating from L4 to L6 DRG, a 58.8 % incidence; type Ⅱ , sensory nerve fibers originating from I4 to L5 DRG, a 8.8% incidence; type HI, sensory nerve fibers originating from L3 to L6 DRG, a 23.5% incidence; and type IV, sensory nerve fibers originating from L3 to L5 DRG, a 8.9 % incidence. Resection of left L3 to L6 DRG resulted in complete loss of pain response in the pulp of the left fifth toe. The left tibial, common peroneal and sural nerves were all insensitive to nerve pinch stimulation. Conclusion The sensory fibers of the rat sciatic nerve mainly originate from L4 to L6 DRG with occasional contribution from L3 DRG. Complete deafferentation of the rat sciatic nerve could only be guaranteed when L3 to L6 DRG are all reseeted on one side.

关 键 词：坐骨神经 背根神经节 解剖 去感觉模型 大鼠 

分 类 号：R651.3[医药卫生—外科学]