中国黄海抹香鲸组织多氯联苯的分布特征及其毒性分析  

Distribution and toxicity assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) in tissues of sperm whale from the Yellow Sea of China

作　　者：黄健生 张琳玲 谢翠美 卢伟华 陈海刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]东莞市海洋与渔业环境监测站,广东东莞523888 [2]广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300

出　　处：《地球化学》2013年第3期290-295,共6页Geochimica

基　　金：东莞市科技计划资助项目(K10017K);广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室开放课题基金(LFE-2011-02)

摘　　要：为探讨多氯联苯(PCBs)在抹香鲸体内的富集情况与组织分布特征,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定了中国黄海海域抹香鲸体内23种PCBs同系物的含量,并分析了其组成特征和国际毒性当量。结果表明,中国黄海抹香鲸4个组织中PCBs含量为0.0005～1.39μg/g,其中脑油中PCBs含量最高,与脂肪处于同一数量级,比肌肉中含量高2个数量级,比血液高4个数量级,体内PCBs含量大约为20 g;抹香鲸组织中PCBs组成特征相似,均以高氯代的PCBs为主,同系物含量为0.07～324 ng/g,含量较高的有PCB118、PCB138、PCB153和PCB180等9种物质,其中PCBs同族物均以含6个氯原子的PCBs含量最高,占总量的48.1%～58.0%,含5个以上氯原子的PCBs占总量的86.1%～100.0%;抹香鲸组织中的TEQs为4.40～1763 pg/g,其脂肪组织中的PCBs含量与所比较的其他海域抹香鲸的含量同处于一个数量级,初步推断中国黄海抹香鲸受PCBs污染程度不重。To investigate the accumulation status and distribution patterns of polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） in sperm whale from Yellow Sea of China, the concentrations of 23 polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） were measured using GC/MS in different tissues of sperm whale. Formation characteristics and toxic equivalency of PCBs were analyzed as well. PCBs contents in four tissues of sperm whale ranged from 0.0005 μg/g to 1.39 μg/g. The tissue that had the highest concentration of PCBs was spermaceti oil, followed by blubber, muscle and blood. The levels of PCBs in the spermaceti oil and blubber tissues were close, which were two orders of magnitude higher than those in muscle tissues, and four orders of magnitude higher than those in blood tissues. The concentrations of PCB congeners in those tissues ranged from 0.07 ng/g to 324 ng/g. Distribution of different PCBs suggested that the concentration of PCBll8, PCB138, PCB153 and PCB180 were higher than other congeners. Hexachlorobiphenyls accounted for 48.1% to 58.0% of total PCB Homologs groups in different tissues. The PCBs congeners which contained more than five chlorine atoms took 86.1% to 100.0% in the total PCBs in those tissues.The TEQs of PCBs in those tissues ranged from 4.40 pg/gto 1763 pg/g, while the weight of PCBs in the sperm whale was about 20 g. Comparing with the levels of PCBs in the tissues of sperm whale from other sea area, results suggested that the sperm whale from Yellow Sea of China was in a mild degree of PCBs pollution.

关 键 词：抹香鲸 多氯联苯 分布特征 毒性评价 

分 类 号：P593[天文地球—地球化学] Q89[天文地球—地质学]