金属陶瓷复合涂层在电梯渐进式安全钳的应用研究  

Research on application of metal ceramic composite coating in progressive safety gear of elevator

作　　者：胡正国 李雄伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市特种设备安全检验研究院,深圳518029 [2]中国科学院金属研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《起重运输机械》2013年第8期1-4,共4页Hoisting and Conveying Machinery

基　　金：国家质检总局科技计划项目"金属陶瓷复合涂层在电梯渐进式安全钳的应用初步研究"(2010QK089)

摘　　要：随着1.75 m/s以上中高速电梯数量的不断增加,对于安全钳楔块高温摩擦性能、高温耐磨损性能及高温抗氧化性能提出了更高要求。采用超音速等离子喷涂、喷焊及堆焊等工艺在45钢基体上分别制备含有NiCrBSi涂层和CoCrW涂层的安全钳楔块。在电梯试验塔上对这两种涂层的安全钳楔块进行型式试验,其中NiCrBSi涂层能满足高速电梯坠落试验要求,但NiCrBSi涂层有剥落现象;而CoCrW涂层的安全钳楔块虽然制动过大,但涂层剥落均匀,通过调整可以满足高速电梯制动要求。采用金相及扫描电镜对两种型式试验后的样品分析发现,机械结合的在结合层有较多气孔,且剥落部分大多沿气孔处断裂。虽然NiCrBSi涂层与基体以冶金结合,但结合层仍然有少量气孔。而在CoCrW涂层中未发现气孔,涂层组织均匀。研究结果表明,涂层的气孔打断了位错的滑移,是造成涂层大块剥落的原因。With continuous increase of the number of medium-and high-speed elevators above 1.75 m/s, the higher requirement of the high-temperature corrosive performance, high-temperature wear resistance, and high-temperature antioxidation is demanded for safety gear wedge. The supersonic-speed plasma spraying, spray welding, bead welding and oth- er processes are employed to make the safety gear wedges containing either NiCrBSi coating or CoCrW coating respectively on the 45# steel matrix. The type tests are performed for safety gear wedges of both coatings on the elevator testing tower, wherein, NiCrBSi coating can meet the requirements for high-speed elevator falling test, while NiCrBSi coating shows peeling phenomena; the safety gear wedge with CoCrW coating shows excessive braking, but even coating peeling, which can be adjusted to meet the braking requirement of high-speed elevator. The analysis for samples after both types of tests using metallographie and scanning electron microscope indicates that： the bonding course of the mechanical bond presents many air holes, with most of peeling part cracking along the air holes. The NiCrBSi coating is metallurgical bonding with matrix, still with a few air holes in bonding course, while no air hole is found in CoCrW coating of well-closed formation. The research result shows that the air holes in coating break reflection of dislocation, which is the main cause of large peeling of the coating.

关 键 词：高速电梯 安全钳 楔块 涂层 摩擦性能 

分 类 号：TH236[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG174.453[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]