实时实地精量施氮对烤烟不同部位叶片氮代谢的影响  

Effects of real-time and field precision nitrogen management on nitrogen metabolism of different parts of flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：周立非[1] 郭宁[2] 李福君[1] 曾繁东[1] 林建委[1] 陈建军[2] 吕永华[3] 王维[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东中烟工业有限责任公司,广东广州510145 [2]华南农业大学农学院,广东广州510642 [3]广东省烟草专卖局(公司),广东广州510610

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2013年第14期70-74,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东中烟工业责任有限公司项目(粤烟工05XM-QK[2011021]);广东省烟草专卖局(公司)项目(201001)

摘　　要：为了探究基于SPAD仪精量施氮下烤烟不同部位叶片生育期氮代谢的变化规律,以"K326"为试材,设置基于SPAD仪的精量施氮模式(SPAD阈值为43)和农户惯用施氮模式两个处理,测定烤烟氮代谢的关键酶活性及含氮化合物含量。结果表明:基于SPAD仪精量施氮下,烤烟随着叶龄的增加,下、中和上部叶的全氮、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、烟碱含量以及硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性分别在生育前期高于农户惯用施氮模式,但在接近成熟期时低于农户惯用施氮模式。说明SPAD仪的精量施氮模式在生育前期可提高烤烟大田生长氮代谢水平,有利于烤烟的生长发育,在生育后期适量降低,利于烤烟氮代谢适时向碳代谢过渡,促进落黄,提高烟叶内在化学品质。In order to study the variation laws .of nitrogen metabolism from different parts of flue-cured tobacco based on SPAD meter, the paper set two fertilization ways on K326, one was the real-time N fertilization way of tobacco based SPAD meter（ SPAD value： 43）, the other was farmer habitual N fertilization way. Compared with farmer habitual N fertilization way, the total N, soluble protein, free amino acids, nicotine content and nitrate reeducates and glutamine synthesize activity from the lower, middle and upper leaves under N fertilization based on SPAD meter, with tobacco leaf age increasing, was higher during early growth period, but lower when it was elose to maturing. Results indicated that, N fertilization based on SPAD meter could raise the level of tobacco N metabolism in early growth period, which was useful for the growth of tobacco. Reducing N fertility amount in late growth period was beneficial to the transformation from N to C metabolism, as well as raise tobacco inherent chemical quality.

关 键 词：烤烟 SPAD值 生育期 碳氮代谢 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]