烤烟石灰性黄壤肥力状况及其与土壤微生物的关系  

Relationship between soil fertility and microorganism in calcareous yellow soil of flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：罗世琼[1] 杨雪鸥[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2013年第14期78-80,84,共4页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科学技术厅与贵州师范大学联合科技基金(黔科合J字LKS[2009]23);国家自然科学基金(81260641)

摘　　要：以烤烟石灰性黄壤为对象,研究了不同施肥处理条件下土壤营养状况、酶活性、微生物生物量及数量。结果表明,施肥显著提高全量养分氮、磷、钾含量及蔗糖酶、脲酶和磷酸酶活性,其高低趋势为:有机肥(M)>有机无机配施(CFM)>无机肥(CF)>不施肥(CK);碱解氮、有效磷及有效钾含量提高幅度分别为1.26～1.36、4.83～5.26、1.11～1.65倍,以有机无机配施有效养分含量增加最为显著;有机肥及有机无机配施处理不仅提高土壤有机质含量,还有利于土壤微生物的生长繁殖,土壤微生物量碳、氮及细菌、真菌和放线菌数量均有不同程度的提高,而无机肥效果不明显。相关分析表明土壤有机质、全量养分及酶活性与微生物量碳、氮及细菌和放线菌呈显著或极显著正相关关系。综合考虑土壤的肥力状况及微生物生态环境,烤烟栽培实践中施有机肥是很有必要的。Soil nutrition, enzyme activities, biomass and quantity of microorganism from flue-cured tobacco calcareous yellow soil were investigated under the condition of different fertilizer treatments. The results showed that fertilization significantly increased the concentration of nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P）, potassium （K） and activities of invertase, urease and phosphatase, the trend of them were following： manure （M） 〉 mixture of manure and chemical fertilizer （CFM） 〉 chemical fertilizer（CF） 〉 no fertilizer （CK）; the concentration of available N, P and K increased 1.26-1.36, 4.83-5.26, 1.11-1.65 times, respectively , and it was most significant with CFM among all fertilizations; M and CFM not only increased the concentration of organic matter, but also improved the growth and propagation of soil microorganism, the concentration of soil microbial biomass C, N and the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes improved on large scale, but it was not obvious with CF. Correlation analysis showed that microbial biomass C, N and bacteria, fungi , actinomycetes were significantly or extremely significantly positively related to concentration of organic matter, total N, P, K and enzyme activities. Taking into account of soil fertility and microbial ecological environment, it is necessary to advocate organic fertilizer inte flue-cured tobacco cuhivation practices.

关 键 词：烤烟 石灰性黄壤 肥力 土壤微生物 相关性 

分 类 号：S572.061[农业科学—烟草工业]