从携带S_5~n基因的水稻种质中发掘S_a^n、S_b^n和S_c^n基因  

Excavation of Neutral Alleles S_a^n, S_b^n, and S_c^n from Rice Germplasm Harboring S_5~n Gene

作　　者：李宏岩 王思哲 SHAHID Muhammad Qasim 陈志雄[1] 王兰[1] 陈凤宜 刘向东[1] 卢永根[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学/亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《作物学报》2013年第8期1366-1376,共11页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30971756);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目资助

摘　　要：花粉不育是籼粳杂种F1优势利用的主要障碍之一。包括Sa、Sb和Sc等至少6个基因座位内的等位基因互作会引起花粉不育,这些座位上的中性等位基因可以克服不育性。本文用携带S5n的水稻种质,分别与台中65及其携带花粉不育基因的一套近等基因系杂交,组配具有单个座位互作和多个座位同时互作的杂种F1,首先通过观察杂种F1的花粉育性并比较相应杂种F1育性的差异,初步判断是否具有中性等位基因,然后采用与Sa、Sb和Sc座位紧密连锁的分子标记对F2植株基因型的分离进行检测,并分析其分离比例的符合度,确定存在中性等位基因的真实性。结果发现在所鉴定的6份材料中有2份(灰背子和Madhukar)同时携带San和Sbn,3份(饭毫皮、秕五升和粤泰B)携带Sbn,1份(Jackson)携带Scn。这些材料同时携带可克服杂种F1胚囊不育和花粉不育的基因,是克服籼粳杂种F1不育性的重要基因来源。One of the principal barriers in utilization of heterosis between indica and japonica subspecies of Asian cultivated rice is F1pollen sterility.According to the ＂specific compatibility gene＂ theory,there are at least six loci,which cause indica and japonica hybrid pollen.Excavation and utilization of neutral alleles for overcoming F1 hybrid sterility have great importance in hybrid breeding.Varieties carrying S5ngene were used to cross with Taichung 65 and its near isogenic lines（NILs） to produce F1 hybrids with single-locus interaction,double-loci interaction and triple-loci interaction.Pollen fertility and seed setting rate of these hybrids were observed in F1 to pre-judge the existence of neutral alleles and then F2 generation was genotyped with molecular markers tightly linked to Sa,Sb,and Scloci to verify the presence of San,Sbn,and Scn by detecting segregation ratio.The results showed that two materials（Huibeizi and Madhukar） carried San and Sbn,three materials（Fanhaopi,Biwusheng,and Yuetai B） carried Sbn and one material（Jackson） carried Scn.These materials have wide compatibility and neutral alleles are important germplasm for hybrid breeding and knowing the molecular mechanisms underlying hybrid male sterility.

关 键 词：水稻(OryzasativaL ) 等位基因互作 杂种不育性 雄性不育 S5N 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]