湛江湾海域天然养殖区牡蛎重金属含量及评价  

The assessment on the contents of the heavy metals in the oysters from Zhanjiang Bay

作　　者：胡利芳[1,2] 庄宇君[2] 张际标[2] 张才学[2] 孙省利[2] 

机构地区：[1]广州科技职业技术学院,广东广州510000 [2]广东海洋大学海洋资源与环境监测中心,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2013年第4期529-532,共4页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家海洋局海洋公益性行业科研专项(200905005-05)

摘　　要：于2010年4月对湛江湾海域四个牡蛎养殖区共计80个左右牡蛎样品,运用电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)对As、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cd、Cr进行检测,研究了官渡、南油、特呈岛和东头山岛四个养殖区牡蛎的重金属含量水平,同时对牡蛎的污染状况和卫生质量进行评价。结果如下:(1)对于东头山岛养殖区,As、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cd、Cr含量均最低,Cu、Zn和Cr的含量为官渡最高,特呈岛养殖区的Pb和Cd含量最高,南油养殖区重金属含量持中度水平,这跟不同养殖区的周边环境状况有密切的联系;(2)采用单因子污染指数法,牡蛎污染状况如下:官渡养殖区(S1)已受到Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Cr 5种重金属的污染;而对于南油养殖区(S2)和特呈岛养殖区(S3),已受到As、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cd 5种因子的污染;而东头山岛养殖区(S4)只受到As污染,应引起关注。(3)按照国家农业行业标准NY5073-2001《无公害食品水产品中有毒有害物质限量》和NY5154-2008《无公害食品牡蛎》进行卫生质量评价,湛江湾海域整个全软组织和闭壳肌Pb、Cd和Cr未超标,仍然是As超标最严重,整个海域养殖牡蛎闭壳肌平均值高达3.3×10-6(以湿质量计),As超标接近至限量标准的6.6倍,其食用价值受到严重威胁。The concentration of As,Pb,Cu,Zn,Cd and Cr,in about eighty oyster samples in four culture zones of Zhanjiang Bay,were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer（ICP-MS） in April 2010,Four culture zones were Guandu culture zone（S1）,Nanyou culture zone（S2）,Techeng Island culture zone（S3） and Dongtoushan Island culture zone（S4）,respectively.Pollution and health quality evaluation of oysters were assessed.Results are as follows：（1） The concentration of As,Pb,Cu,Zn,Cd and Cr were the lowest in Dongtoushan island cultured zone.The concentration of Cu,Zn and Cr were the highest in Guandu culture zone.The concentration of Pb and Cd were the highest in Techeng Island culture zone.Those of Nanyou culture zone were in moderate level.The surrounding environmental conditions with different culture zones are closely linked;（2） Using single-factor pollution index,the results are as follows： Oysters in Guandu culture zones has been polluted by Cu,Zn,As,Cd and Cr;For Nanyou culture zone and Techeng Island culture zone,oysters has been polluted by As,Pb,Cu,Zn,Cd;Oysters in Dongtoushan Island culture zone has only been polluted by As,those should been attentioned.（3） In accordance with the national agricultural industry standard of NY5073-2001 and NY5154-2008,the concentration of Pb,Cd and Cr in farmed oysters were in safe state of food quality,but the concentration of As had a warning 7.8 times of food quality standard.Especially the mean value in adductor muscle was high to 3.3×10-6（wet weight counted）,nearly exceeding 6.6 times of allowable value,and seriously threatening edible value of them.

关 键 词：牡蛎 重金属 养殖区 湛江湾 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]