不同品种茄子抗黄萎病特性与生理生化指标及根际微环境指标的相关性分析  

Physiological, Biochemical and Rhizosphere Microenvironmental Basis of Eggplant Resistance to Verticillium wilt

作　　者：周宝利[1] 陈志霞[1] 杜亮[1] 叶雪凌[1] 李宁 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110161 [2]辽宁省鞍山市千山区东鞍山镇农业技术推广站,辽宁鞍山114041

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2013年第2期136-142,共7页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31171950)

摘　　要：以14个不同品种茄子为试材,人工接种黄萎菌悬液,判断各品种黄萎菌抗病情况及类型,调查茄子生理生化特性及其根际土壤微环境与抗病特性的关系。采用常规方法测定茄子叶片防御酶活性,相对电导率、叶绿素、丙二醛、脯氨酸、蔗糖等生理生化产物含量;采用连续稀释法测定土壤中可培养微生物的种类及数量,测定土壤氧化还原酶及水解酶活性,判断各项指标与茄子抗黄萎病特性的相关性。结果表明:叶片PPO、PAL活性与抗病性极显著正相关,POD活性、相对电导率、总叶绿素含量与抗病性显著正相关,而MDA含量与抗病性极显著负相关。土壤中放线菌数量,B/F、A/F值与抗病性呈正相关,土壤过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶、蛋白酶、脲酶活性与抗病性正相关。与抗病性相关的生理生化指标可作为茄子抗病种质资源筛选的判断依据,而与抗病性相关的土壤微生物或酶可以作为土壤健康程度的判断指标,作为土壤微环境调控的依据。Fourteen eggplant cuhivars were inoculated by Verticillium daliae to screen their resistance against VerticiUium wilt. The eggplant cultivars were classified based on the final disease index, and their physiological and biochemical characteristics and rhizosphere soil conditions were analyzed for finding out the correlative factors of eggplant resistance. The activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL）, polyphenol oxidase （PPO）, peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT）, relative electric conductivity and the contents of total chlorophyll, sucrose, soluble protein, proline and malonaldehyde （MDA） were measured. The quantities of main microorganisms and some functional bacteria were investigated by the serial dilution method. The activities of oxidoreductase and hydrolase enzymes of rhizosphere soil were determined by spectrophotometry or colorimetric titrations. The activities of PPO and PAL were significantly positive correlated with resistance. Meanwhile, the resistance was significantly positive correlated with the activity of PPO, the relative electric conductivity, and the content of chlorophyll, but significantly negative correlated with the content of MDA. The abundance of actinomyces, the ratios of bacteria to fungi and actinomyces to fungi, and the activities of catalase, polyphenol oxidase, protease and urease, were significantly positive related with resistance. These correlative physiological and biochemical factors could be used to identify the resistance of eggplants. Meanwhile, the relative soil microorganisms and enzymes may be useful in the management of soil condition.

关 键 词：茄子 黄萎病 抗病 生理生化 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]