果园百喜草覆盖与敷盖对小气候的影响  

Effect of the mulching of paspalum notatum flugge on the microclimate in orchard

作　　者：肖金香[1] 罗威年[1] 董闻达[1] 曹秀香[1] 刘士余[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学,南昌330045

出　　处：《生态农业研究》2000年第1期63-66,共4页Chinese Journal of Eco-agriculture

基　　金：国家科技攻关重点项目

摘　　要：实测分析了果园覆盖与敷盖百喜草的光照、风速、温度、相对湿度时空变化规律。冬季中午12:00时桃园比桔园光照强2陪左右,14:00时风速大3～4倍,夏季地面最高温度行间裸地比行间百喜草高20.0℃,株间裸地比敷草高10.0℃;冬季桔园覆盖百喜草比裸地高2.4℃,比桃园高1.1℃,夏季降温效应、冬季保温效应非常明显。桔园透光率随高度的变化呈指数关系,株间风速与株高的关系近似于二次曲线,裸地气温随高度升高而降低,百喜草和敷盖地则相反,相对湿度早晚小,中午大,夏季大于冬季;不同处理的相对湿度随高度的分布其增大、减小相间出现。The time and space regular changes of light intensity, wind speed ,temperature,relative humidity with the mulching of paspalum notalum flugge in orchard are analysed. Light in peach orchard is twice more than citrus orchard at noon in winter. The wind speed is three or four times more at fourteen in winter. The highest surface temperature with mulch is 20.0℃ lower than un-covered soil in row interval, 10.0℃ lower in plants interval. The temperature with mulch in winter is 2.4℃ higher than uncovered soil in citrus orchard,1.1℃ higher in peach orchard. The effect of temperature descend in summer and the effect of temperature keeping is very manifest. The photic ratio in citrus orchard changed with height is the relation of exponent,and the wind speed changed with the shoot height is the relation of second curve. Temperature in uncovered soil descends with the ascent of hight,but the soil temperature with mulch has the opposite result. However,the rela-tive humidity is low in morning and evening,and high at noon,the relative humidity in summer is higher than in winter. The relative humidity in different treatments ascends sometimes or descends sometimes with the change of height.

关 键 词：百喜草 果园覆盖 果园敷盖 果园小气候 日控变化 

分 类 号：S660.1[农业科学—果树学] S66[农业科学—园艺学]