三峡电站排沙孔工作门区及通气管道空化特性研究  

Characteristics of Cavitation in Sediment-Release Orifices and Aeration Conduits of Three Gorges Hydropower Station

作　　者：姜伯乐[1] 张晖[1] 杨江宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江科学院水力学研究所,武汉430010

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2013年第8期46-49,共4页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(CKSF2012027/SL)

摘　　要：针对三峡电站排沙孔工作门区及通气管道设计体型,通过减压模型试验研究了通气孔分流对高流速有压泄水段空化特性的影响。成果表明:在通气孔节制阀全开时,通气孔底部出口区会产生强烈的蒸汽型空化,而节制阀区无蒸汽型空化发生;在通气孔节制阀半开或全关时,上述两部位的空化强度大大降低,基本上无空蚀破坏的危险性。为保证高流速有压泄水建筑物安全可靠的运行,工程上要避免该部位出现分流设计。The characteristics of cavitation caused by high-speed flow in the pressure tunnel of Three Gorges Project （TGP） hydropower station were investigated through vacuum tank experiment to ascertain the design of the sedi- ment-release orifices and aeration conduit of TGP. The results showed that obvious steam cavitation was found at the bottom of aeration conduit＇ s outlet, but no steam cavitation occurred at the valves when they were fully opened. However, when the valves were half-opened or fully closed, the cavitation intensity decreased remarkably and also there was little cavitation erosion risk around both the above-mentioned components. It＇ s concluded that the design of diverting flow should be avoided for the safe operation of pressure tunnel with high-speed flow in hydropower station.

关 键 词：水力学 三峡电站 排沙孔 分流 蒸汽型空化 气体型空化 

分 类 号：TV131.32[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]