苦楝叶对钉螺细胞凋亡和一氧化氮合酶的影响  

Effect of leaves extracts of Melia azedarach on apoptosis and nitric oxide synthase of Oncomelania hupensis

作　　者：张仪[1] 吴缨[1] 顾文彪[1] 刘和香[1] 朱丹[1] 吕山[1] 夏尚光[2] 王龙杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,世界卫生组织疟疾,血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心,卫生部寄生虫病重点实验室,上海200025 [2]安徽省林业科学研究院,合肥230031

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2013年第8期771-774,共4页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：国家"十二五"国家科技计划项目(2011BAD38B070101)资助;国家科技重大专项(No.2012ZX10004220;2008ZX10004-011)资助~~

摘　　要：目的检测经苦楝叶浸提液浸泡处理后,钉螺体内细胞凋亡和一氧化氮合酶(Nitric oxide synthase,NOS)的变化,探讨苦楝灭螺的机制。方法经苦楝叶浸提液处理的钉螺和对照钉螺去壳后连续冰冻切片,使用原位末端标记法(TdTmediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay,TUNEL)和NADPH-d组织化学染色方法分别检测其细胞凋亡和一氧化氮合酶。结果 1.实验组钉螺细胞凋亡发生在消化腺、足部表皮和足部肌肉纤维间等部位,而对照组发生在消化腺和足部表皮部位;2.实验组细胞与对照组凋亡值具统计学意义(P<0.05);3.实验组神经中枢、足部神经节和心脏的NOS平均灰度值对照组有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论苦楝叶浸提液会影响钉螺NOS的活性,并诱导其足部肌肉纤维间发生细胞凋亡。Plant source molluscicide has shown good effectiveness and biodegradation. Recently, it was found that Melia azedarach leaves could kill Oncomelania hupensis. This project was designed to observe the effect of leaves extracts of Melia a- zedarach on apoptosis and nitric oxide synthase （NOS） of Oncomelania hupensis in order to explore its molluscicidal mechanism. The snails were immersed into the leaf extracts of Melia azedarac for 24 hours, and then both experimental and control snails; soft tissues were separated for frozen section （6 μm）. The apoptosis of snails were observed by TUNEL and the enzymatic activities of NOS were detected by NADPH-D ertzyme-histoehemieal technology. The staining reaction of the snail tissues as well as the average gray density was observed with image analysis system of biomieroscopy. The TUNEL showed that there was a cluster of positive signal in both experimental and control groups. The apoptotic ceils of experimental snails were detected in digestive gland, foot skin and foot muscle, and it were detected in digestive gland, foot skin in the control group. The apoptosis index of experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control （P〈0.05）; the NOS staining revealed that the average gray density of ganglion, foot and heart between experimental and control group had a significant difference （P〈0.05）. The results indicate that the mechanism of Melia azedarach leaves could impact the NOS activity and induce the apoptosis in foot of snails.

关 键 词：钉螺 苦楝 细胞凋亡 一氧化氮合酶 

分 类 号：R383[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]