镉中毒患者诊断时和停止镉接触几年后肾功能指标分析  

Renal function of cadmium poisoning patients at the period of diagnosis and a few years after cadmium exposure

作　　者：陈念光[1] 陈建玲[1] 赖关朝[1] 何康玟[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院检验科,广州市510300

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第16期1972-1973,共2页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的对镉中毒患者诊断时和停止镉作业3～5 a后的肾功能指标进行对比,分析职业性镉中毒对患者肾功能损害的长期影响。方法对广东省多家镍镉电池厂43名停止镉作业的中毒患者跟踪调查3～5 a,对比分析患者前后两次尿镉、尿β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)、尿黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)的变化。结果停止镉作业后镉中毒患者尿镉有所下降,但仍较高;尿β2-MG和RBP呈下降趋势,差异有统计意义(P<0.05)。慢性轻度镉中毒患者经过积极的驱镉治疗后,尿镉、尿β2-MG、尿RBP下降更明显(P<0.01),但仍维持较高水平。结论镉能引起职业工人的持久性的慢性肾损害,即使停止镉作业3～5 a,中毒患者体内镉水平仍较高,对肾脏的损害持续存在。[ Objective ] To compare the renal function index of cadmium poisoning patients at the period of diagnosis and 3-5 years after cadmium exposure, and analyze the long term effect of occupational cadmium poisoning on renal function. [ Methods] A total of 43 poisoning patients from several nickel-cadmium battery factories in Guangdong Province who quitted cadmium operation were followed up for 3-5 years. The 2 tests results of urine cadmium, β2-MG, RBP were compared. [Results] Urinary cadmium declined after stopping cadmium exposure, but the level was still high; urine β2-MG and urine RBP also decreased, with significant difference （ P 〈0. 05 ）. After active treatment, chronic mild cadmium poisoning patients＇ urine cadmium, urinary β2-MG, RBP decreased signifi- cantly （P 〈0.01}, but still maintain a high level. [ Conclusion] Ca＆nium can cause persistent chronic renal damage to workers, the level of cadmium and the persistent damage to the kidneys in patients remains high even without cadmium exposure 3-5 years.

关 键 词：镉中毒 尿镉 Β2-微球蛋白 视黄醇结合蛋白 

分 类 号：R595.2[医药卫生—内科学]