甜角的花部特征和传粉系统研究  

Floral Syndrome and Its Pollination System of Tamarindus indica

作　　者：王芳[1] 赵一鹤[2] 杨时宇[3] 吴疆翀[3] 李体初[4] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,云南昆明650224 [2]云南省林业科学院,云南昆明650201 [3]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,云南昆明650224 [4]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所元江试验站,云南元江653300

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2013年第4期67-72,共6页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201204420)

摘　　要：以10年生甜角品种"SRITONG"(金色)为研究对象,进行甜角花部特征和传粉系统的研究,并进行了人工控制授粉试验。结果表明,甜角的单花、花序、单株水平上的开花物候都表现出开花的不同步性,单花花期约2天,种群花期达5个月;花粉活力在开花后可持续6 h,3 h内相对较高,达到62.65%;柱头在花药散粉时明显高于花丝,便于接受异花花粉,在开花3 h后具有可授性,可持续2天;甜角杂交指数(OCI)为5,花粉/胚珠比(P/O)为1 929.6,为兼性异交,部分自交亲和,需传粉媒介,与人工套袋控制授粉的试验结果一致。研究结果为提高甜角坐果率和结实率,增加其经济效益提供了理论依据。Taking the sweet tarmarind culitvar ＂SRITONG＂ （ Tamarindus indica） of ten years old as the materi- als, the floral syndrome and its pollination were studied, and artificial pollination experiment was conducted. The flowering phenology of single flower, inflorescence and individual plant all showed the characteristics of asynchro- nism, the flowering period of single flower was around two days, however the flowering period of the population reached 5 months. As far as the vitality of pollen was concerned, the vitality could be maintained for 6 hours after flowering, and could be kept at a relatively high level within 3 hours, mostly reached 62.65 %. The position of stigma was significantly higher than styXet at the time of pollen dissemination, which was benefit for allogamy. The stigma kept receptivity 3 hours after pollen dissemination, and could last for 2 days. The outcrossing index and pol- len-ovule ratio of sweet Tamarind were 5 and 1 929.6 respectively. The breeding system was facultative crossing with partial self-compatibility, pollinators were needed. This was consistent with experimental result of artificial bagging pollination. The studies of sweet tamarind ＇ s floral traits and pollination provided the basis for improving the fruit setting rate, seed setting rate and economic benefit.

关 键 词：甜角 开花动态 传粉 兼性异交 

分 类 号：S718.3[农业科学—林学]