不同方法脱除菊花体内3种病毒效果的研究  

Effects of different methods on elimination of three viruses in Chrysanthemum morifolium

作　　者：赵霜[1] 李青[1] 戴思兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第8期168-174,181,共8页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(200904050)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨脱除菊花体内菊花B病毒(CVB)、黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)及烟草花叶病毒(TMV)3种病毒的最佳方法。【方法】以菊花品种"墨菊"为材料,采用茎尖培养法、病毒唑结合茎尖培养法及热处理结合茎尖培养法对脱除CMV、CVB、TMV的效果进行研究,其中病毒唑结合茎尖培养法采用L9(34)正交试验,对茎尖长度、病毒唑质量浓度及处理时间进行筛选,热处理结合茎尖培养法中热处理采用昼夜变温并逐步升温的方式。【结果】茎尖培养法中以长度为0.4～0.5mm茎尖的脱毒效果最佳,茎尖成活率为66.7%,CMV、CVB、TMV 3种病毒的脱毒率分别为61.9%,63.2%,55.0%;病毒唑结合茎尖培养法中以茎尖长度为0.4～0.5mm、病毒唑质量浓度为10mg/L、处理时间为42d组合的脱毒效果最佳,茎尖成活率为53.3%,CMV、CVB、TMV 3种病毒的脱毒率分别为88.2%,86.7%,81.3%;热处理结合茎尖培养法中以试管苗热处理60d后,剥取长度为0.4～0.5mm的茎尖进行培养的脱毒效果最佳,茎尖成活率为56.7%,CMV、CVB、TMV 3种病毒的脱毒率分别为100.0%,100.0%,94.1%。【结论】3种脱除菊花体内病毒的方法中,热处理结合茎尖培养法的脱毒效果最佳。The experiment was conducted to discuss the best virus-elimination method to eliminate cucumber mosaic virus（CMV）,chrysanthemum virus B（CVB）and tobacco mosaic virus（TMV） in Chrysanthemum morifolium.【Method】The experiment used Chrysanthemummorifolium‘Moju’as material.Shoot-tip culture method,shoot-tip culture with virazole treatment method and shoot-tip culture with heat treatment method were adopted to study the virus-elimination effect on CMV,CVB and TMV.An orthogonal experimental design of L9（34）was conducted to screen the best shoot-tip length,virazole concentration,processing time for the second method.For the third method,temperature increased day by day and was set differently in day time and night time.【Result】When shoot-tip length was 0.4-0.5mm,first method obtained the best results with survival rate of 66.7%and the virus-elimination rates of CMV,CVB and TMV were 61.9%,63.2%,and 55.0%,respectively.The best conditions for method two were shoot-tip length 0.4-0.5mm,virazole concentration 10mg/L and processing time 42days.The survival rate was 53.3%,and the virus-elimination rates of CMV,CVB and TMV were 88.2%,86.7%,and 81.3%,respectively.The best conditions for method three were shoot-tip length 0.4-0.5mm and heating time 60 d.The survival rate was 56.7%,and the virus-elimination rates of CMV,CVB and TMV were 100.0%,100.0%,and 94.1%,respectively.【Conclusion】The shoot-tip culture with heat treatment method was the best to eliminate viruses in Chrysanthemum morifolium.

关 键 词：菊花 病毒 菊花B病毒 黄瓜花叶病毒 烟草花叶病毒 脱毒率 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]