国内外医务人员结核感染控制现状的比较研究  

Comparative current situation of the tuberculosis infection control of health care workers between China and other countries

作　　者：耿梦杰[1] 宋渝丹[1,2] 赵飞[1] 郭晖[1] 胡冬梅[1] 李萌[1] 熊勇超[1] 侯月云[1] 成君[1] 何广学[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心国际合作与研究部,北京在读研究生102206 [2]北京协和医学院公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国防痨杂志》2013年第8期581-586,共6页Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis

基　　金："十一五"国家重大科技专项(2009ZX10004-714);全球基金中国结核病控制项目(TB12-0010)

摘　　要：目的了解中国和其他国家医疗卫生机构结核感染控制现状,以及医务人员结核感染和患病情况,吸取国外结核感染控制经验,探索中国目前结核感染控制的优势与不足,为加强医务人员结核感染控制工作提供理论依据。方法根据中国结核病预防控制中心关于结核感染控制的相关课题和研究结果,结合从万方数据库、中国知网、PubMed中检索到的1995—2012年国内外关于医疗卫生机构结核感染控制现状及医务人员结核感染和患病情况的30篇科学性较强的相关文献,对其进行综合比较分析。结果中国1/2以上的医疗卫生机构未实施全面的结核感染控制措施,医务人员结核分枝杆菌感染率在50%～70%之间,结核病年患病率在415/10万～2240/10万之间,与秘鲁、泰国、越南、巴西等中低收入国家医务人员结核分枝杆菌41%～72%的感染率、558/10万～6000/10万的结核病患病率接近,高于美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等高收入国家的1.2%～50%的结核分枝杆菌感染率。结论中国医疗卫生机构结核感染控制工作较为薄弱,医务人员结核感染患病情况与中低收入国家接近,较发达国家更为严重,医疗卫生机构结核感染控制工作需要加强。Objective Understand the relative infection control situation of tuberculosis（TB）the infection,prevalence rate of health care workers both in China and other countries,learn from the TB infection control expe-rience in other countries and explore the advantages and disadvantages of tuberculosis infection control in China to provide theoretical basis for strengthening TB infection control of health care workers（HCW）.Methods Compare and analyze the relative studies and results from the National Center for TB Control and Prevention and the thirty scientific literatures from 1995 to 2012 that retrieved from Wan-Fang database,CNKI and PubMed.Results More than a half of the health-care facilities did not conduct the standard tuberculosis infection control measures in China,the TB infection rate of health care workers was 50%-70%,the year prevalence rate was 415/100 000 to 2240/100 000,which were similar to the infection rate of 41%-72% and the year prevalence rate of 558/100 000 to 6000/100 000 in Peru,Thailand,Vietnam,Brazil these low-and middle-income countries.And higher than the infection rate of 1.2%-50% in America,Canada,Australia these high-income countries.Conclusion The infection control status in health-care facilities was poor in China,the TB infection rate and the prevalence rate of health care workers were similar to some low-and middle-income countries,but worse than the status in high-income countries,thus TB infection control needs to be reinforced in China.

关 键 词：结核 预防和控制 疾病传播 病人至卫生人员 预防和控制 对比研究 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]