市场经济转型中的农村妇女贫困  

Rural Women’s Poverty in Economic Transformation:A Gender Mainstreaming Perspective

作　　者：王爱君[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学经济学院

出　　处：《中华女子学院学报》2013年第4期65-71,共7页Journal of China Women＇s University

基　　金：2012年国家社会科学基金一般项目"经济转型对农村妇女减贫脱贫的影响研究"(12BJY090);2010年教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"市场经济转型对中国农村女性贫困的影响和作用"(10YJA790177)的研究成果

摘　　要：市场经济转型促进了整个国民经济的快速发展,农村贫困人口大幅下降,但因缺乏社会性别敏感性,相对男性而言,农村妇女陷入更加贫困的境地。农村土地承包制使妇女不得不挑起原本由夫妻两个肩膀分担的责任田和家务劳动,"一孩半"的计划生育政策强化了农村"重男轻女"的传统思维,以政府主导的城市空间高速扩张剥离了农村妇女对土地的维系,把她们推入市场主导的劳动力市场竞争中,弱化了农村妇女的经济社会利益,使她们成为贫困家庭中的最贫困者。The market economy transformation has promoted the development of the national economy, but rural women are poorer than before because of gender differences. The rural land contract system forces women to bear farming and housework responsibilities, which were previously shared by husband and wife under the planned economy. The family planning policy has strengthened the rural preference for sons over daughters. Government-led high-speed urban space expansion has stripped the maintenance of rural women on the land, pushing them into the labor market dominatedby free market competition. All of these has weakened rural women＇s economic and social benefits, leading to widespread poverty among them.

关 键 词：经济转型 农村妇女 社会性别 妇女贫困 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理]