水下公路隧道最大纵坡取值研究  

Study of the Maximum Longitudinal Gradient of Underwater Highway Tunnels

作　　者：张志刚[1] 胡金平[1] 刘洪洲[1] 徐国平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中交公路规划设计院有限公司,北京100010

出　　处：《现代隧道技术》2013年第4期8-14,共7页Modern Tunnelling Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAG07B00)

摘　　要：水下公路隧道受水下及岸上地形等条件的限制,通常纵断面呈两端陡变、中间平缓之势。由于隧道进出口端最大纵坡直接决定隧道规模的大小,设计中通常参照现行规范及标准按不大于3%或4%的纵坡进行控制;但由于各项目的交通车型比例、全隧道纵坡组合模式、洞内空气质量标准要求等均有所不同,实际中应基于大量的调研数据通过科学的计算分析后进行评价。文章以连接香港、珠海及澳门跨海通道连线工程中的沉管隧道为载体,阐述了公路水下隧道最大纵坡的取值过程,论证了本项目隧道进出口段的设计最大纵坡的合理性与科学性。研究结果表明,最大纵坡是公路水下隧道设计前期需明确的重要指标,水下隧道项目均应对纵坡的各影响因素进行系统研究与论证,因地制宜地确定出合理值。Restricted by terrain conditions under water and on shore, the longitudinal profiles of underwater highway tunnels generally present the trend of being steep at the ends and flat in the middle section. Since the maximum longi- tudinal gradients at the tunnel entrance and exit directly determine the size of a tunnel, a gradient of no more than three or four percent is generally adopted in the design according to the current effective standards. While the vehicle type, longitudinal gradient combinations, and standards for air quality are different for each tunnel project, in practice the longitudinal gradient should be evaluated by scientific calculation and analysis based on a large number of survey data. Using the immersed tunnel of the HongKong-Zhuhai-Macao sea-crossing project as an example, this paper elaborates upon the argument for the maximum longitudinal gradient of the immersed tunnel and proves the rationality and sci- ence of the designed maximum longitudinal gradient at the tunnel entrance and exit. It also shows that the maximum longitudinal gradient is an important indicator that must be determined at the pre-design period for underwater highway tunnels. For underwater tunnel projects, systematic research and demonstration should be carried out according to various influential factors for longitudinal gradients in order to determine a reasonable value.

关 键 词：水下公路隧道 最大纵坡 影响因素 

分 类 号：U452.22[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] U459.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]