基于COI和ITS-1基因对魁蚶野生群体和人工繁育子代的遗传分析  

Genetic analysis of wild ark shell (Scapharca broughtonii) populations and the artificially propagated progenies based on COI and ITS-1 gene

作　　者：陈桢[1,2] 邱兆星[3] 王鸿霞[2] 张秀梅[1] 刘保忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]中国科学院实验海洋生物学重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]山东省海水养殖研究所,山东青岛266002

出　　处：《海洋科学》2013年第7期24-32,共9页Marine Sciences

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200805069)

摘　　要：采用线粒体COI基因和核糖体第一内转录间隔区ITS-1基因,对荣成(RC)和即墨(JM)2个魁蚶(Scapharca broughtonii Schrenck)野生地理群体及一个人工繁育的即墨子代(JZ)群体,进行遗传多样性和遗传结构分析,探讨即墨人工繁育的子代作为荣成魁蚶底播增殖苗种的可行性。分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果表明,3个群体的遗传差异主要存在群体内。荣成野生群体和即墨野生群体间的Fst值,基于COI基因和ITS-1基因分别为0.1678和0.1193,表明荣成野生群体与即墨野生群体之间存在中等程度的遗传分化。单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性分析结果表明,人工繁育的即墨子代群体的遗传多样性明显降低。荣成野生群体与即墨子代群体之间的遗传差异,较之与即墨野生群体间的遗传差异更大。如果采用即墨子代在荣成底播,可能会对荣成野生魁蚶野生群体的遗传结构产生一定影响,因此,采用即墨人工繁育子代作为荣成魁蚶底播增殖的苗种来源时必须十分慎重,并在苗种繁育时尽量采用大群体有效亲本。The genetic variance and population genetic structure of wild S. broughtonii from Rongcheng （RC） and Jimo （JM）, as well as Jimo＇s artificially propagated progenies （JZ） were analyzed by mitochondrial COI and ribo- somal ITS-1 gene sequences. The feasibility of sowing the Jimo progenies to Rongcheng water for the enhancement of S. broughtonii is discussed. Analyses of molecular variance revealed that the major portion of the genetic diver- sity was found within populations. The Fst value between the RC and JM population based on COI and ITS-1 se- quences was 0.1678 and 0.1193, respectively, which suggests that moderately genetic differentiation existed. The Jimo＇s artificially propagated progenies have lower genetic diversity than the wild populations. And the genetic divergence between Rongcheng and Jimo＇s progenies populations is larger than the divergence between wild popu- lations of Rongcheng and Jimo. The population genetic structure of S. broughtonii in Rongcheng will be seriously affected, if the Jimo＇s artificially propagated progenies are sowed into Rongcheng water. Thus, sowing the Jimo progenies to Rongcheng water for the enhancement of S. broughtonii needs to be carried out very cautiously, and the parental population size should be as large as possible

关 键 词：魁蚶(Scapharca broughtonii Schrenck) 遗传多样性 COI基因 ITS-1基因 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]